Selection from the list of topics

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growing stock (stemwood) #21
Stemwood volume of living trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark.

altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 6 classes) #2633
Altitudinal vegetation belts in the system used in the guidelines for monitoring the sustainability and performance of protection forests (NaiS; Frehner et al. 2005), reduced to six classes. The variable represents a simplification of the NaiS altitudinal vegetation belts with ten classes (NAISHSTKOMB) in which the classes «hyperinsubric» and «colline» are merged with «colline with beech» to form the class «hyperinsubric and colline» and the class «lower montane» with «upper montane» and «lower/upper montane» to form the class «lower and upper montane». The information is based on the altitudinal vegetation belts determined by experts (accessible forest sample plots of NFI4 on the 1.4-km network; Arge Frehner et al. 2020), as well as on the altitudinal vegetation belts modelled for the period 1981-2010 (other sample plots; Zischg et al. 2021).

main tree species #90
Type of trees and shrubs ≥12 cm in diameter at breast height (dbh) with the ten most common species or species groups in Switzerland ('main tree species') categorised, and the classes 'other conifers' and 'other broadleaves' for the remaining species. The main tree species are: spruce (Picea spp.), fir (Abies spp.), pine (Pinus sylvestris, P. nigra, P. strobus, P. mugo subsp. uncinata), larch (Larix spp.), Arolla pine (Pinus cembra), beech (Fagus sylvatica), maple (Acer spp.), ash (Fraxinus spp.), oak (Quercus spp.) and chestnut (Castanea sativa). Reference: Field Survey (MID 50: Baumart)

canton #827
Regional demarcation with the cantons as a unit, with the two half-cantons, Basel-Land and Basel-Stadt, combined into one canton for statistical reasons.

accessible forest without shrub forest #434
Forest of which less than two-thirds is covered with shrubs that can be accessed on foot.

1.4-km grid #410
NFI's sampling grid with a mesh size of 1.4 km. The 1.4-km grid is the grid size covering all the previous terrestrial Inventories, which is why it is also called the base grid.

What do the numbers stand for?
What is the purpose of the standard error?
When are two results statistically different?
When is it not sufficient to consider only the standard error?
Two types of changes?
Change analyses: When are the results (not) additive?
Why is a dot (“.”) sometimes given in the cells for standard error or estimated value?
Why are no standard error values shown in some tables?
Negative values for growing stock, increment or fellings?

1. What do the numbers stand for?

The tables mainly show results that were calculated using statistical methods from the data of the sample inventory of the National Forest Inventory (NFI). Such results always consist of two figures: (1) the estimated value and (2) the sampling error, the so-called standard error.

Example 1: Estimated value and standard error

NFI5

volume of deadwood (stemwood)
ownership (2 categories)

regional demarcation: production region

unit: m³/ha

evaluation area: accessible forest without shrub forest

grid: 1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5

state 2018/26
	production region
	Jura		Plateau		Pre-Alps		Alps		Southern Alps		Switzerland
ownership (2 categories)	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%
public	30	10	17	13	37	9	36	6	26	10	30	4
private	27	17	20	12	50	10	32	8	39	13	34	5
total	29estimated value	9standard error	19	9	44	7	35	5	29	8	32	3

The tables usually show the relative (percentage) standard error (“±%”), but occasionally – in the case of estimated percentages – the absolute standard error (“±”).

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2. What is the purpose of the standard error?

The standard error can be used to define confidence intervals around the estimated value, which contain the true value of the population with a certain statistical certainty.

The statistical certainty is:

68% if the confidence interval is calculated using the standard error
(68% confidence interval = estimated value ± standard error), and
95% if the confidence interval is calculated using twice the standard error
(95% confidence interval = estimated value ± 2 × standard error*)

Example 2: Calculating confidence intervals

LFI5
volume of deadwood (stemwood)
ownership (2 categories)
regional demarcation: production region
unit: m³/ha
evaluation area: accessible forest without shrub forest
grid: 1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5
state 2018/26
	production region
	Jura
ownership (2 classes)	m³/ha	±%
public	30	10
private	27	17
total	29	9

Question
What are the 68% and 95% confidence intervals of the above estimates?

Procedure

Calculate the absolute standard error (= relative standard error × estimated value / 100)
Calculate the confidence intervals
- 68% confidence interval = estimated value ± absolute standard error
- 95% confidence interval = estimated value ± 2 × absolute standard error

Answer

			Step 1	Step 2

ownership (2 categories)	volume of deadwood Jura NFI5
	estimated value	standard error		confidence interval
		relative	absolute	68%	95%
	m³/ha	±%	±m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha
public	30	10	3	27-33	24-36
private	27	17	5	22-32	17-37
total	29	9	3	26-32calculated with the standard error, i.e. 29 ± 3	23-25calculated with twice the standard error, i.e. 29 ± 2 × 3

The volume of deadwood in the Jura is between 26 and 32 m³/ha with a statistical certainty of 68% and between 23 and 35 m³/ha with a statistical certainty of 95%.

The 95% confidence interval is larger than the 68% confidence interval. This results in higher statistical certainty with the 95% confidence interval.

Example 3: Visualisation of the 68% and 95% confidence intervals

Data: see example 2

When interpreting the results, one must define the level of statistical certainty that one would like to apply to the statement.

The 68% confidence interval is generally used in the National Forest Inventory (NFI).

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3. When are two results statistically different?*

This can be checked by comparing the confidence intervals of two estimated values:

If the 68% confidence intervals of two estimates do not overlap, it can be assumed with some certainty that the two populations differ.
If the 95% confidence intervals of two estimates do not overlap, it can be assumed with high certainty that the two populations differ.

Example 4: Interpretation of two results from the same inventory

NFI5
growing stock (stemwood)
ownership (2 categories)
regional demarcation: production region
unit: m³/ha
evaluation area: accessible forest without shrub forest
grid: 1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5
state 2018/26
	production region
	Jura		Plateau		Pre-Alps		Alps		Southern Alps		Switzerland
ownership (2 categories)	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%
public	331	3	311	3	405	4	300	3	256	5	314	2
private	387	5	432	4	454	4	348	4	285	6	398	2
total	345	2	363	2	431	2	314	2	262	4	343	1

	case 2						case 1

case 1

Question
Is the growing stock per hectare greater in the Alps than in the Southern Alps?

Procedure

Calculate the absolute standard errors
Calculate the confidence intervals depending on the desired level of statistical certainty:
- 68% confidence intervals (some certainty; absolute standard error)
- 95% confidence intervals (high certainty; twice the absolute standard error)
Assess whether the confidence intervals corresponding to the desired level of statistical certainty do not overlap

Answer

ownership (2 categories)	growing stock NFI5
	Alps					Southern Alps
	estimated value	standard error		confidence interval		estimated value	standard error		confidence interval
		relative	absolute	68%	95%		relative	absolute	68%	95%
	m³/ha	±%	±m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha	±%	±m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha
total	314	2	6	308-320	302-326	262	4	10	252-272	242-282

Neither the 68%-confidence intervals nor the 95%-confidence intervals overlap (pairs of values in ).

In this case, the level of statistical certainty selected has no influence on the result.

Overall, this means that there is high statistical certainty that the growing stock per hectare is greater in the Alps than in the Southern Alps.

Case 2

Question
Is the growing stock per hectare greater in the Plateau than in the Jura?

Procedure

See case 1.

Answer

ownership (2 categories)	growing stock NFI5
	Jura					Plateau
	estimated value	standard error		confidence interval		estimated value	standard error		confidence interval
		relative	absolute	68%	95%		relative	absolute	68%	95%
	m³/ha	±%	±m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha	±%	±m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha
total	345	2	7	338-352	331-359	363	2	7	356-370	349-377

The 68%-confidence intervals do not overlap (pairs of values in ).
In contrast, the 95%-confidence intervals overlap (pairs of values in ).

In this case, the level of statistical certainty selected has an influence on the interpretation of the results. At the 68% confidence interval level, the conclusion is that the growing stock per hectare is higher in the Plateau than in the Jura. At the 95% confidence interval level, however, this conclusion cannot be drawn.

Considering both confidence interval levels, it can be said that there is some, but not high, statistical certainty that the growing stock per hectare is greater in the Plateau than in the Jura.

The confidence intervals can also be used to determine whether a value estimated with a sample from the National Forest Inventory (NFI) deviates from a target value (e.g. from Swiss forest policy) or whether a change between two inventories is statistically certain.

Example 5: Interpretation of two results from different inventories

ownership (2 categories)	growing stock Plateau*
	NFI4		NFI5
	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%
public	340	3	309	3
private	447	4	432	4
total	386	2	363	2
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

Question
Has the growing stock per hectare in the Plateau decreased from NFI4 to NFI5?

Procedure

Calculate the absolute standard errors
Calculate the confidence intervals depending on the desired level of statistical certainty:
- 68% confidence intervals (some certainty; absolute standard error)
- 95% confidence intervals (high certainty; twice the absolute standard error)
Assess whether the confidence intervals corresponding to the desired level of statistical certainty do not overlap.

Answer

ownership (2 categories)	growing stock Plateau*
	NFI4					NFI5
	estimated value	standard error		confidence interval		estimated value	standard error		confidence interval
		relative	absolute	68%	95%		relative	absolute	68%	95%
	m³/ha	±%	±	m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha	±%	±	m³/ha	m³/ha
public	340	3	11	329-351	318-362	309	3	11	298-320	287-331
private	447	4	16	431-463	415-479	432	4	17	415-449	398-466
total	386	2	8	378-394	370-402	363	2	9	354-372	345-381
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

The 68%-confidence intervals do not overlap in the public forest (pairs of values in ), but they do in the private forest and the total forest (pairs of values in ). At the certainty level of the 68% confidence intervals, it can be concluded that the growing stock per hectare in the public forest of the Plateau has decreased. For the private forest, as well as for the total forest, the decrease is not statistically certain at this level.

The 95%-confidence intervals overlap in all three categories. At the certainty level of the 95% confidence intervals, it is therefore not certain that the growing stock has decreased, even for the public forest.

See also examples 6 and 7, in which changes between two inventories are interpreted using the more sensitive metric of net change.

For many target variables in the NFI, it is possible to determine whether a change between two inventories is statistically certain, not only by comparing the states in the two inventories (see example 5), but also by analysing the net change** between the two inventories.

To do this, one must first define the level of statistical certainty that one would like to apply to the statement (as done above):

A net change has occurred with some certainty if the relative standard error is less than 100% or if the confidence interval calculated with the absolute standard error (68% confidence interval) does not include the value 0.
A net change has occurred with high certainty if twice the relative standard error is less than 100% or if the confidence interval calculated with twice the absolute standard error (95% confidence interval) does not include the value 0.

Example 6: Interpretation of net changes with the relative standard error

ownership (2 categories)	change in growing stock from NFI4 to NFI5, Plateau*
	estimated value	standard error
	m³/ha	±%
public	-34	30
private	-9	147
total	-23	34
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

Question
Has the growing stock per hectare in the Plateau decreased from NFI4 to NFI5?

Procedure

Define the level of statistical certainty (68% or 95% confidence interval)
Determine whether:
- the relative standard error is less than 100% (certainty level of the 68% confidence interval)
- twice the relative standard error is less than 100% (certainty level of the 95% confidence interval)

Answer

ownership (2 categories)	change in growing stock from NFI4 to NFI5, Plateau*
	estimated value	standard error
		single	double
	m³/ha	±%	±%
public	-34	30	60
private	-9	147	294
total	-23	34	68
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

The single relative standard error is less than 100% for both the public forest and the total forest (highlighted values). For the private forest, however, it is greater than 100% (highlighted values). At the certainty level of the 68% confidence interval, it can be concluded that the growing stock in the Plateau has decreased in the public forest and in total. For the private forest, on the other hand, the decrease in stock is not statistically certain at this level.

The same conclusion is reached in this example with the certainty level of the 95% confidence interval, as twice the relative standard error is again less than 100% for both the public forest and the total forest.

Overall, this means that there is high statistical certainty that the growing stock per hectare has decreased in the public forest in the Plateau, as well as overall. For private forests, on the other hand, the decrease in stock is not statistically certain (as twice the relative standard error and the relative standard error are both less than 100%).

Example 7: Interpretation of net changes with the absolute standard error

ownership (2 categories)	change in growing stock from NFI4 to NFI5, Plateau*
	estimated value	standard error
	%	±
public	-10	3
private	-2	3
total	-6	2
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

Question
Has the growing stock per hectare in the Plateau decreased from NFI4 to NFI5?

Procedure

Define the level of statistical certainty (68% or 95% confidence interval)
Calculate the confidence interval based on the defined certainty level
- 68% confidence interval with the absolute standard error
- 95% confidence interval with twice the absolute standard error
Determine whether the corresponding confidence interval does not include the value 0

Answer

ownership (2 categories)	change in growing stock from NFI4 to NFI5, Plateau*
	estimated value	standard error		confidence interval
		single	double	68%	95%
	%	±	±	%	%
public	-10	3	6	-13 to -7	-16 to -4
private	-2	3	6	-5 to +1	-8 to +4
total	-6	2	4	-8 to -4	-10 to -2
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

Neither the 68% nor the 95% confidence interval includes the value 0 for the public forest or for the total forest. At both certainty levels, this leads to the conclusion that the growing stock in the Plateau has decreased in the public forest and in total. For the private forest, on the other hand, the decrease in stock is not statistically certain (as the confidence intervals include the value 0).

Net changes can be interpreted using the absolute or relative standard error (see examples 6 and 7). It is advisable to use the absolute standard error if the estimated value in the table is shown as a percentage (%; as in example 7), and the relative standard error if the estimated value in the table is shown in absolute terms (m³, m³/ha, pc, m²; as in example 6). This means that the standard error can be taken directly from the table and does not need to be converted.

To assess whether a change is statistically certain, it is advisable to analyse the net change between the two inventories wherever possible. Net changes are more sensitive than status comparisons, which makes it easier to detect differences statistically. See examples 6 and 7 (net change) and 7 (comparison of two results from different inventories).

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4. When is it not sufficient to consider only the standard error?

The National Forest Inventory (NFI) is a sample-based large-scale inventory whose sample areas are arranged on a grid with a mesh size of 1.4 km × 1.4 km. The NFI was designed in such a way that the growing stock for Switzerland as a whole can be predicted with a maximum standard error of 1%.

If results are requested for individual regions or for individual classes, the standard error quickly becomes much larger. This is because the number of sample areas and subjects (e.g. sample trees, young forest plants, pieces of deadwood) analysed for the queried combination of variable expressions* is considerably lower than for the total.

Example 8: Standard error and combination of variable expressions

region	growing stock
	total		maple		sycamore		Norway maple
	estimated value	standard error	estimated value	standard error	estimated value	standard error	estimated value	standard error
	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%
Switzerland	343	1	12	5	11	5	1	20
production region "Plateau"	363	2	15	10	14	11	0	50
Canton of Aargau	289	7	15	20	13	20	1	63

The standard error increases as the level of detail increases.

Large standard errors are to be expected if:

forest districts are selected as the regional demarcation or results for small cantons (e.g. Appenzell Innerrhoden, Nidwalden) are queried,
a classification variable with many classes is selected (e.g. tree species in 56 classes),
several classification variables are combined with each other (e.g. main tree species and development stage).

Large standard errors are an indication that the estimate may have been based on too small a number of sample areas or subjects and that the result of the estimate therefore may not be reliable.

For the target variable “number of stems of young forest plants with browsing damage” (browsing intensity), an uncertain estimate is not necessarily recognisable by a large standard error. This is because this target variable is a quotient estimator**, which is – due to the survey method – only based on a small number of assessed young forest plants for rarer tree species (e.g. pine, larch, Arolla pine, oak, chestnut). Accordingly, for this target variable one should always check how many young forest plants were assessed for the individual estimates. As a rule of thumb, at least 30 young forest plants per estimate should have been assessed for browsing in order to obtain a reliable estimate.

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5. Two types of changes?

There are two types of changes in the National Forest Inventory (NFI):

The first type of change involves specific target variables for change components such as increment, fellings or mortality. These target variables are only available for two consecutive measurement cycles, e.g. NFI4 to NFI5. When change components are analysed, the classification variable expression of the second measurement cycle is generally assigned to the first measurement cycle. These analyses therefore do not take into account any change in the expression (e.g. from private to public ownership) from the earlier to the later measurement cycle.
In the second type of change, the difference in target variables, such as stem number, growing stock or forest area, is used to calculate the net change between two measurement cycles. These target variables are usually used to represent states, e.g. that in NFI5, but can also show the net change between any two measurement cycles, e.g. between NFI1 and NFI5. In these net change analyses, the change in expression is taken into account for some of the classification variables, including “tree condition” and “forest, non-forest”. In this way, it can be seen, for example, that the forest area has increased. For the remaining classification variables, the expressions are regarded as static. This means that the most recent state – whether it was assessed in a measurement cycle (e.g. “primary forest function NFI5”) or taken from an external data source (e.g. “protection forest [2022]”) – is assigned to all measurement cycles.

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6. Change analyses: When are the results (not) additive?

The results are:

additive if they are reported as the total change between two measurement dates. For example, the fellings for the various production regions reported in cubic metres (m³) can be added together to obtain the total fellings for Switzerland.
not additive if they are reported as a change per year (e.g. m³/year). For example, the fellings for the various production regions reported in cubic metres per year (m³/year) cannot be added together to obtain the total fellings for Switzerland.

Example 9: : Additivity/non-additivity of changes

	growing stock: total change between NFI4 and NFI5 (in 1000 m³)*
	Jura		Plateau		Pre-Alps		Alps		Southern Alps		Switzerland
higher/lower altitude zone	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%
lower altitude zone	-3759.0	28	-4909.1	36	-1025.2	133	-317.1	195	3464.1	31	-6546.3	42
higher altitude zone	574.3	117	-328.0	62	1093.0	123	7128.4	21	666.7	93	9134.3	24
total	-3184.7	40	-5237.1	34	67.9	2805	6811.3	23	4130.8	30	2588.1	136
	* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5
	additive

	growing stock: annual change between NFI4 and NFI5 (in 1000 m³/year)*
	Jura		Plateau		Pre-Alps		Alps		Southern Alps		Switzerland
higher/lower altitude zone	1000 m³/year	±%	1000 m³/year	±%	1000 m³/year	±%	1000 m³/year	±%	1000 m³/year	±%	1000 m³/year	±%
lower altitude zone	-421.1	28	-560.6	36	-115.7	133	-35.9	195	389.5	31	-740.7	42
higher altitude zone	64.7	117	-38.3	62	122.4	123	810.4	21	74.9	93	1032.7	24
total	-357.3	40	-598.4	34	7.6	2805	773.8	23	464.4	30	292.7	136
	* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5
	not additive

The non-additivity of changes expressed per year arises because the total change is divided by the average number of years between the two measurement dates in the domain* under consideration, and this average number of years varies slightly depending on the domain.

Example 10: Average number of years per domain

domain		mean number of years*
production region	higher/lower altitude zone
Mittelland	-	8.75
Plateau	higher altitude zone	8.56
Plateau	lower altitude zone	8.76
Southern Alps	-	8.90
Southern Alps	higher altitude zone	8.90
Southern Alps	lower altitude zone	8.89
* between the NFI4 and NFI5 measurements in the accessible forest without shrub forest

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7. Why is a dot (“.”) sometimes given in the cells for standard error or estimated value?

In the calculation of a results table, data is not always available for all combinations of variable expressions*. In most cases, this indicates that the variable estimated with the relevant target variable does not occur or only occurs very rarely. The value 0 is then usually used. However, as this value is not based on any direct measurements, a dot (“.”) is given for the associated standard error. If reference is made to the assumed value of 0 in the calculation, e.g. in the case of percentages or certain change estimates, no value can be used. In this case, a dot (“.”) is given for the estimated value and the standard error.

For example, no Arolla pines have yet been found and measured in the Plateau in the National Forest Inventory (NFI) (growing stock of Arolla pine by production region). It can therefore be assumed that the values are missing because the Arolla pine actually does not occur in the Plateau, and therefore the growing stock in that region must be 0.

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8. Why are no standard error values shown in some tables?

The data in these tables originates from a complete survey and not from a sample inventory. Accordingly, it is not necessary to specify a standard error because there is no uncertainty due to sampling.

The forest road network survey that the National Forest Inventory (NFI) periodically carries out with the local forestry services is an example of such a complete survey.

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9. Negative values for growing stock, increment or fellings?

A negative value is possible if the result could only be calculated on the basis of a few trees. The estimate is therefore not reliable. This is also reflected in the standard error, which is usually extremely large for negative stock, increment or felling values.

Negative values can occur because, when the stemwood volume of the tally trees is determined, the volume estimated solely on the basis of the diameter at breast height (DBH) (tariff volume) is adjusted using the volume of the tally trees estimated on the basis of DBH, diameter at 7 m height and tree height. This procedure enables an unbiased and more accurate calculation of the stemwood volume. However, it can lead to negative values for all target variables that are based on the stemwood volume of the tally trees (e.g. growing stock, increment, fellings) if the number of tally trees in the selected combination of variable expressions* is small.

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NFI4
growing stock (stemwood)
altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 6 classes) · main tree species
regional demarcation: canton
unit: 1000 m³
evaluation area: accessible forest without shrub forest
grid: 1.4-km grid
state 2009/17
		canton
		AG		AI		AR		BE		BL/BS		FR		GE		GL		GR		JU		LU		NE		NW		OW		SG		SH		SO		SZ		TG		TI		UR		VD		VS		ZG		ZH		Switzerland
altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 6 classes)	main tree species	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%
n/a	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
upper subalpine	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	229	31	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	17	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	109	39	4	100	0	.	162	32	0	.	0	.	521	19
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	260	31	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	49	75	15	100	0	.	30	78	0	.	0	.	354	26
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2547	16	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	456	25	0	.	0	.	1696	16	0	.	0	.	4699	10
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1358	15	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	3	91	20	100	0	.	890	17	0	.	0	.	2270	11
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	33	38	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	34	37
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	69	0	.	0	.	8	71	0	.	0	.	11	58
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	4427	12	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	17	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	620	22	39	100	0	.	2786	14	0	.	0	.	7889	8
subalpine	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	4418	16	0	.	71	100	0	.	761	38	14024	8	0	.	94	87	0	.	274	52	547	30	583	36	0	.	0	.	203	67	0	.	1655	20	364	44	879	36	5654	12	0	.	0	.	29527	5
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	-7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	17	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	66	55	0	.	0	.	45	49	0	.	0	.	124	38
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	119	45	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	323	21	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	98	91	0	.	0	.	0	.	5	89	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	108	52	0	.	0	.	653	21
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	10	69	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	3505	14	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	70	77	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1419	16	0	.	32	72	3940	14	0	.	0	.	8976	8
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	39	79	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	263	30	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	48	100	22	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	5	100	0	.	0	.	212	34	0	.	0	.	589	21
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	22	98	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	30	48	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	5	85	0	.	0	.	59	45
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	12	93	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	12	93
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	92	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	9	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	16	95	4	100	18	81	8	72	0	.	0	.	69	37
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	20	63	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	36	51	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	100	6	62	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	12	52	3	100	8	76	58	38	0	.	0	.	146	22
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	4628	15	0	.	71	100	0	.	768	38	18207	8	0	.	94	87	0	.	275	52	696	30	683	33	0	.	0	.	208	65	0	.	3185	14	372	44	938	34	10030	10	0	.	0	.	40155	5
high-montane	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	26	100	0	.	6501	13	0	.	2055	24	0	.	682	46	19337	7	0	.	742	31	0	.	211	51	1905	23	1274	28	0	.	0	.	1307	24	0	.	3236	16	2275	23	3204	18	7865	10	0	0	0	.	50618	4
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	743	29	0	.	134	57	0	.	0	.	1188	22	0	.	0	.	0	.	3	100	156	45	0	0	0	.	0	.	29	54	0	.	305	39	174	48	495	39	889	28	0	.	0	.	4115	12
	pine	0	.	2	100	0	.	31	65	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1761	18	0	.	60	68	0	.	0	.	37	90	0	.	0	.	0	.	22	100	0	.	208	67	80	73	0	.	1369	20	0	.	0	.	3571	12
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	11	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2394	14	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	20	76	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1416	19	0	.	77	49	3734	12	0	.	0	.	7652	8
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	-4	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	5	73	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	351
	other conifers	0	.	4	100	0	.	2	83	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	3	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	100	10	59	0	.	1	73	0	.	0	.	22	39
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	46	51	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	11	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	107	52	0	.	0	.	8	100	0	.	0	.	174	36
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	261	34	0	.	12	65	0	.	9	72	146	32	0	.	4	100	0	.	23	66	6	78	4	100	0	.	0	.	4	54	0	.	55	58	5	100	208	37	106	31	0	.	0	.	842	16
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	4	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	100	248	44	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	114	38	0	.	0	.	179	35	0	.	0	.	546	24
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	11	83	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	100	0	.	0	.	19	54	0	.	0	.	33	43
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	44	67	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	44	67
	other broadleaves	0	.	5	100	0	.	86	30	0	.	10	48	0	.	6	71	1022	17	0	.	7	65	0	.	2	100	3	100	8	61	0	.	0	.	31	55	0	.	479	25	17	54	40	46	693	17	0	.	0	.	2407	10
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0
	total	0	.	38	100	0	.	7636	12	0	.	2210	24	0	.	697	45	26158	6	0	.	813	29	0	.	238	51	2106	22	1320	28	0	.	0	.	1393	24	0	.	5967	11	2561	22	4024	17	14863	8	0	0	0	.	70025	3
lower and upper montane	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	345	35	1808	25	3084	20	16191	7	268	41	5276	14	0	.	2234	21	2843	17	2582	17	5381	14	4572	13	565	41	1882	22	8100	12	406	40	855	24	4564	15	724	29	783	32	875	30	9763	9	1044	24	993	27	2553	18	77691	3
	fir	520	47	521	30	1425	27	13211	8	445	44	2493	18	0	.	635	34	923	26	2692	15	4120	14	3992	14	226	47	594	35	4148	14	52	67	1047	21	1901	18	365	43	970	26	393	34	4983	11	571	31	480	32	1518	20	48227	4
	pine	67	62	20	100	10	100	530	31	26	62	29	71	0	.	0	.	410	36	332	41	9	100	64	50	0	.	0	.	272	40	59	57	287	32	57	73	89	47	0	.	46	87	65	81	179	46	0	.	256	29	2806	12
	larch	61	93	9	75	67	100	96	47	14	73	0	.	0	.	40	87	233	34	0	.	136	95	24	100	0	.	17	100	307	50	5	100	0	.	31	98	17	100	763	22	0	.	123	53	270	61	32	100	89	51	2334	15
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other conifers	15	60	0	.	5	79	159	52	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	100	0	.	0	2109	132	82	4	100	6	100	2	100	168	105	0	.	13	126	2	100	7	100	0	.	0	.	257	55	3	100	3	100	59	43	838	32
	beech	1077	26	279	34	953	30	9375	9	1480	24	2073	18	0	.	1087	23	1537	19	3463	13	1790	18	1653	15	381	33	1115	27	3930	12	490	33	2857	14	1630	20	434	34	4919	11	375	41	4367	11	729	24	303	42	1635	17	47930	3
	maple	101	51	73	75	156	47	1270	12	227	34	406	24	0	.	428	25	170	53	525	20	388	20	385	24	93	32	301	38	1040	15	37	71	293	20	367	23	256	44	107	35	120	35	756	17	166	30	78	41	313	24	8057	5
	ash	215	35	85	65	269	38	870	22	76	49	483	27	0	.	231	36	78	44	611	22	273	24	64	42	261	57	82	45	882	19	21	100	185	26	368	30	209	34	105	37	102	54	443	29	132	44	42	62	770	22	6858	7
	oak	70	49	0	.	13	100	69	44	0	.	47	47	0	.	0	.	120	63	38	52	61	54	9	89	3	100	19	100	13	97	4	100	122	47	10	100	47	59	65	59	0	.	129	37	45	54	28	81	61	39	972	15
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	258	35	0	.	0	.	3	100	0	.	0	.	263	34
	other broadleaves	156	46	-1	341	60	55	680	22	59	36	47	36	0	.	143	39	224	24	228	29	65	46	205	63	62	46	70	44	285	22	6	100	143	42	151	35	0	0	1237	16	115	45	323	27	294	34	16	78	175	39	4741	8
	indeterminable	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0
	total	2627	20	2794	22	6041	17	42452	5	2595	22	10853	11	0	.	4798	16	6540	12	10469	10	12354	11	10973	9	1595	26	4082	18	19146	8	1080	28	5802	12	9080	12	2148	23	9206	8	2027	21	21210	7	3437	17	1977	23	7430	12	200716	2
submontane	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	3260	16	0	.	0	.	4606	14	443	33	906	27	0	.	0	.	94	65	654	32	874	24	276	45	9	100	159	63	719	35	1240	24	1392	24	84	80	2239	23	0	.	130	55	1352	19	21	57	35	92	3949	14	22443	5
	fir	1657	20	0	.	0	.	3144	16	249	39	65	46	0	.	0	.	46	64	766	31	1470	21	234	44	4	100	66	100	137	38	63	66	591	30	18	100	706	32	0	.	121	83	918	25	6	73	70	61	840	26	11172	7
	pine	465	28	0	.	0	.	439	44	432	33	265	49	0	.	0	.	75	55	155	42	98	55	85	75	0	.	0	.	73	92	190	39	165	34	64	100	305	33	0	.	50	72	156	32	10	67	0	.	762	22	3789	10
	larch	263	36	0	.	0	.	195	39	0	.	51	61	0	.	0	.	50	72	27	69	3	100	0	.	0	.	8	100	64	54	80	74	98	53	26	100	54	58	0	.	0	.	311	42	0	.	0	.	198	34	1428	15
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other conifers	142	35	0	.	0	.	108	64	166	72	56	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	36	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	-3	465	65	71	0	.	1	100	46	95	0	.	0	.	97	63	3	100	0	.	8	151	726	25
	beech	4307	13	0	.	0	.	3752	12	1926	19	1950	22	0	.	6	100	61	63	840	28	1337	24	186	54	47	71	224	81	1027	26	1567	18	2590	16	185	53	1174	19	0	.	188	52	2628	16	189	44	52	73	3187	15	27424	4
	maple	559	16	0	.	0	.	563	21	215	30	122	36	0	.	4	100	15	102	124	36	99	39	8	107	10	76	12	65	88	53	44	47	293	31	28	88	269	36	0	.	18	100	353	24	40	46	21	81	614	21	3497	8
	ash	913	18	0	.	0	.	653	24	409	31	709	27	0	.	13	100	26	93	377	35	481	54	32	75	16	100	17	118	475	27	133	38	267	37	168	67	775	24	0	.	16	78	1221	20	65	46	158	52	713	19	7639	7
	oak	866	22	0	.	0	.	676	20	379	39	195	39	0	.	0	.	0	.	226	39	171	52	98	63	0	.	0	.	204	55	387	37	193	32	25	97	510	41	0	.	54	54	1327	21	53	51	0	.	534	23	5897	9
	sweet chestnut	3	100	0	.	0	.	2	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	75	94	77	76	0	.	0	.	158	58
	other broadleaves	851	31	0	.	0	.	548	25	221	33	370	46	0	.	1	100	26	59	163	32	135	39	24	53	28	100	33	55	201	42	28	41	179	31	36	72	758	39	0	.	48	51	1034	25	137	41	5	100	391	22	5218	10
	indeterminable	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0
	total	13288	8	0	.	0	.	14686	8	4441	14	4689	16	0	.	24	100	393	37	3332	17	4703	16	944	29	114	73	519	50	2986	19	3796	16	5768	13	634	45	6836	13	0	.	625	43	9473	10	602	30	341	48	11197	9	89390	3
hyperinsubric and colline	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	19	100	0	.	186	94	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	13	100	99	46	0	.	0	.	121	44	0	.	50	86	488	40
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	6	100	14	100	0	.	0	.	10	78	0	.	0	.	31	57
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	62	79	0	.	19	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	112	76	0	.	0	.	387	28	0	.	39	100	618	24
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	5	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	28	53	0	.	0	.	169	49	0	.	0	.	202	42
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	27	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	27	100
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	28	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	18	100	719	23	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	25	100	789	21
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	9	78	0	.	35	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	187	30	0	.	0	.	24	76	0	.	0	.	255	27
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	16	100	0	.	79	41	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	4	100	758	20	0	.	1	100	28	44	0	.	0	.	886	17
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	396	42	0	.	101	54	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	6	100	833	17	0	.	128	60	125	36	0	.	33	58	1622	15
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	335	36	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	4723	11	0	.	0	.	36	63	0	.	0	.	5094	10
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	37	49	0	.	354	32	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2272	11	0	.	13	96	166	42	0	.	24	72	2866	10
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	539	39	0	.	1141	26	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	47	100	9774	7	0	.	143	58	1065	20	0	.	170	67	12878	6
total	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	3606	15	1834	25	3084	20	31716	5	712	26	8308	11	19	100	3677	17	36712	5	3237	15	7090	12	4848	12	1057	27	4510	14	10676	10	1646	21	2247	17	6158	12	2976	18	5882	11	3648	17	15198	7	14867	7	1028	26	6552	11	181288	2
	fir	2177	19	521	30	1425	27	17090	7	694	31	2692	17	0	.	635	34	2173	16	3458	13	5590	12	4227	13	235	45	815	28	4285	13	114	47	1639	17	1947	18	1077	26	1356	21	689	27	6396	10	1523	20	550	29	2358	16	63668	3
	pine	531	26	22	90	10	100	1118	23	459	31	294	45	62	79	0	.	2849	13	486	31	167	41	150	48	0	.	135	70	345	37	249	33	452	24	149	53	393	28	369	45	191	42	221	33	2082	15	0	.	1056	18	11791	6
	larch	324	34	9	75	67	100	313	29	14	73	51	61	0	.	40	87	8734	8	27	69	139	93	24	100	0	.	26	75	462	36	86	69	98	53	57	70	70	50	4082	10	0	.	543	28	9809	8	32	100	287	28	25291	4
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	35	87	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1626	14	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	48	100	22	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	70	20	100	0	.	1102	15	0	.	0	.	2861	10
	other conifers	157	32	4	100	5	79	291	37	166	72	56	100	0	.	1	100	64	30	0	2109	168	68	4	100	6	100	2	100	170	104	65	71	13	126	3	73	54	83	28	97	11	57	355	43	12	50	3	100	68	42	1705	19
	beech	5384	11	279	34	953	30	13130	7	3406	15	4022	14	0	.	1093	22	1672	18	4303	12	3126	14	1840	14	427	30	1339	26	4968	11	2057	16	5447	10	1815	18	1626	17	5757	10	563	33	6995	9	926	21	355	37	4848	11	76329	2
	maple	660	16	73	75	156	47	2102	10	442	23	540	20	9	78	447	24	374	29	649	18	491	17	393	24	125	27	319	36	1132	15	81	42	585	18	400	22	525	28	365	21	147	32	1336	13	344	19	99	37	927	16	12721	4
	ash	1128	16	85	65	269	38	1527	16	485	27	1192	19	16	100	244	34	431	28	988	19	753	36	96	37	277	54	99	42	1357	16	154	35	453	24	536	30	988	20	978	16	119	48	1665	17	405	23	201	43	1483	15	15928	5
	oak	937	20	0	.	13	100	745	19	379	39	242	32	396	42	0	.	233	40	263	34	232	41	106	58	3	100	19	100	217	52	391	36	315	26	34	75	564	37	900	16	54	54	1584	18	242	24	28	81	628	20	8524	7
	sweet chestnut	3	100	0	.	0	.	2	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	337	36	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	5025	10	0	.	75	94	116	54	0	.	0	.	5559	9
	other broadleaves	1007	27	4	159	60	55	1334	15	280	27	426	40	37	49	150	37	1662	13	391	22	207	29	229	56	92	44	108	33	500	21	34	38	323	25	218	28	758	39	4002	8	182	32	1418	19	1355	13	22	64	590	19	15389	5
	indeterminable	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	total	15915	8	2832	22	6041	17	69403	4	7035	12	17824	8	539	39	6288	14	56866	4	13802	8	17964	8	11917	9	2223	21	7420	12	24134	7	4876	14	11570	9	11316	10	9031	11	28752	4	5622	14	35787	5	32783	5	2317	21	18797	7	421054	1

Table citation

Abegg, M.; Ahles, P.; Allgaier Leuch, B.; Cioldi, F.; Didion, M.; Düggelin, C.; Fischer, C.; Herold, A.; Meile, R.; Rohner, B.; Rösler, E.; Speich, S.; Temperli, C.; Traub, B.,
2023: Swiss national forest inventory - Result table No. 1372324. Birmensdorf, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL

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