Selection from the list of topics

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growing stock (stemwood) #21
Stemwood volume of living trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark.

altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 6 classes) #2633
Altitudinal vegetation belts in the system used in the guidelines for monitoring the sustainability and performance of protection forests (NaiS; Frehner et al. 2005), reduced to six classes. The variable represents a simplification of the NaiS altitudinal vegetation belts with ten classes (NAISHSTKOMB) in which the classes «hyperinsubric» and «colline» are merged with «colline with beech» to form the class «hyperinsubric and colline» and the class «lower montane» with «upper montane» and «lower/upper montane» to form the class «lower and upper montane». The information is based on the altitudinal vegetation belts determined by experts (accessible forest sample plots of NFI4 on the 1.4-km network; Arge Frehner et al. 2020), as well as on the altitudinal vegetation belts modelled for the period 1981-2010 (other sample plots; Zischg et al. 2021).

main tree species #90
Type of trees and shrubs ≥12 cm in diameter at breast height (dbh) with the ten most common species or species groups in Switzerland ('main tree species') categorised, and the classes 'other conifers' and 'other broadleaves' for the remaining species. The main tree species are: spruce (Picea spp.), fir (Abies spp.), pine (Pinus sylvestris, P. nigra, P. strobus, P. mugo subsp. uncinata), larch (Larix spp.), Arolla pine (Pinus cembra), beech (Fagus sylvatica), maple (Acer spp.), ash (Fraxinus spp.), oak (Quercus spp.) and chestnut (Castanea sativa). Reference: Field Survey (MID 50: Baumart)

canton #827
Regional demarcation with the cantons as a unit, with the two half-cantons, Basel-Land and Basel-Stadt, combined into one canton for statistical reasons.

accessible forest without shrub forest NFI1-NFI5 #2382
Forest that was less than two-thirds covered with shrubs in the five inventories NFI1 (1983-1985), NFI2 (1993-1995), NFI3 (2004-2006), NFI4 (2009-2017) and NFI5 (2018-2026) and was accessible on foot.

1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5 #1746
Sub-grids 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the field surveys on the sampling grid with a mesh size of 1.4 km (base grid).

What do the numbers stand for?
What is the purpose of the standard error?
When are two results statistically different?
When is it not sufficient to consider only the standard error?
Two types of changes?
Change analyses: When are the results (not) additive?
Why is a dot (“.”) sometimes given in the cells for standard error or estimated value?
Why are no standard error values shown in some tables?
Negative values for growing stock, increment or fellings?

1. What do the numbers stand for?

The tables mainly show results that were calculated using statistical methods from the data of the sample inventory of the National Forest Inventory (NFI). Such results always consist of two figures: (1) the estimated value and (2) the sampling error, the so-called standard error.

Example 1: Estimated value and standard error

NFI5

volume of deadwood (stemwood)
ownership (2 categories)

regional demarcation: production region

unit: m³/ha

evaluation area: accessible forest without shrub forest

grid: 1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5

state 2018/26
	production region
	Jura		Plateau		Pre-Alps		Alps		Southern Alps		Switzerland
ownership (2 categories)	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%
public	30	10	17	13	37	9	36	6	26	10	30	4
private	27	17	20	12	50	10	32	8	39	13	34	5
total	29estimated value	9standard error	19	9	44	7	35	5	29	8	32	3

The tables usually show the relative (percentage) standard error (“±%”), but occasionally – in the case of estimated percentages – the absolute standard error (“±”).

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2. What is the purpose of the standard error?

The standard error can be used to define confidence intervals around the estimated value, which contain the true value of the population with a certain statistical certainty.

The statistical certainty is:

68% if the confidence interval is calculated using the standard error
(68% confidence interval = estimated value ± standard error), and
95% if the confidence interval is calculated using twice the standard error
(95% confidence interval = estimated value ± 2 × standard error*)

Example 2: Calculating confidence intervals

LFI5
volume of deadwood (stemwood)
ownership (2 categories)
regional demarcation: production region
unit: m³/ha
evaluation area: accessible forest without shrub forest
grid: 1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5
state 2018/26
	production region
	Jura
ownership (2 classes)	m³/ha	±%
public	30	10
private	27	17
total	29	9

Question
What are the 68% and 95% confidence intervals of the above estimates?

Procedure

Calculate the absolute standard error (= relative standard error × estimated value / 100)
Calculate the confidence intervals
- 68% confidence interval = estimated value ± absolute standard error
- 95% confidence interval = estimated value ± 2 × absolute standard error

Answer

			Step 1	Step 2

ownership (2 categories)	volume of deadwood Jura NFI5
	estimated value	standard error		confidence interval
		relative	absolute	68%	95%
	m³/ha	±%	±m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha
public	30	10	3	27-33	24-36
private	27	17	5	22-32	17-37
total	29	9	3	26-32calculated with the standard error, i.e. 29 ± 3	23-25calculated with twice the standard error, i.e. 29 ± 2 × 3

The volume of deadwood in the Jura is between 26 and 32 m³/ha with a statistical certainty of 68% and between 23 and 35 m³/ha with a statistical certainty of 95%.

The 95% confidence interval is larger than the 68% confidence interval. This results in higher statistical certainty with the 95% confidence interval.

Example 3: Visualisation of the 68% and 95% confidence intervals

Data: see example 2

When interpreting the results, one must define the level of statistical certainty that one would like to apply to the statement.

The 68% confidence interval is generally used in the National Forest Inventory (NFI).

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3. When are two results statistically different?*

This can be checked by comparing the confidence intervals of two estimated values:

If the 68% confidence intervals of two estimates do not overlap, it can be assumed with some certainty that the two populations differ.
If the 95% confidence intervals of two estimates do not overlap, it can be assumed with high certainty that the two populations differ.

Example 4: Interpretation of two results from the same inventory

NFI5
growing stock (stemwood)
ownership (2 categories)
regional demarcation: production region
unit: m³/ha
evaluation area: accessible forest without shrub forest
grid: 1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5
state 2018/26
	production region
	Jura		Plateau		Pre-Alps		Alps		Southern Alps		Switzerland
ownership (2 categories)	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%
public	331	3	311	3	405	4	300	3	256	5	314	2
private	387	5	432	4	454	4	348	4	285	6	398	2
total	345	2	363	2	431	2	314	2	262	4	343	1

	case 2						case 1

case 1

Question
Is the growing stock per hectare greater in the Alps than in the Southern Alps?

Procedure

Calculate the absolute standard errors
Calculate the confidence intervals depending on the desired level of statistical certainty:
- 68% confidence intervals (some certainty; absolute standard error)
- 95% confidence intervals (high certainty; twice the absolute standard error)
Assess whether the confidence intervals corresponding to the desired level of statistical certainty do not overlap

Answer

ownership (2 categories)	growing stock NFI5
	Alps					Southern Alps
	estimated value	standard error		confidence interval		estimated value	standard error		confidence interval
		relative	absolute	68%	95%		relative	absolute	68%	95%
	m³/ha	±%	±m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha	±%	±m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha
total	314	2	6	308-320	302-326	262	4	10	252-272	242-282

Neither the 68%-confidence intervals nor the 95%-confidence intervals overlap (pairs of values in ).

In this case, the level of statistical certainty selected has no influence on the result.

Overall, this means that there is high statistical certainty that the growing stock per hectare is greater in the Alps than in the Southern Alps.

Case 2

Question
Is the growing stock per hectare greater in the Plateau than in the Jura?

Procedure

See case 1.

Answer

ownership (2 categories)	growing stock NFI5
	Jura					Plateau
	estimated value	standard error		confidence interval		estimated value	standard error		confidence interval
		relative	absolute	68%	95%		relative	absolute	68%	95%
	m³/ha	±%	±m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha	±%	±m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha
total	345	2	7	338-352	331-359	363	2	7	356-370	349-377

The 68%-confidence intervals do not overlap (pairs of values in ).
In contrast, the 95%-confidence intervals overlap (pairs of values in ).

In this case, the level of statistical certainty selected has an influence on the interpretation of the results. At the 68% confidence interval level, the conclusion is that the growing stock per hectare is higher in the Plateau than in the Jura. At the 95% confidence interval level, however, this conclusion cannot be drawn.

Considering both confidence interval levels, it can be said that there is some, but not high, statistical certainty that the growing stock per hectare is greater in the Plateau than in the Jura.

The confidence intervals can also be used to determine whether a value estimated with a sample from the National Forest Inventory (NFI) deviates from a target value (e.g. from Swiss forest policy) or whether a change between two inventories is statistically certain.

Example 5: Interpretation of two results from different inventories

ownership (2 categories)	growing stock Plateau*
	NFI4		NFI5
	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%
public	340	3	309	3
private	447	4	432	4
total	386	2	363	2
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

Question
Has the growing stock per hectare in the Plateau decreased from NFI4 to NFI5?

Procedure

Calculate the absolute standard errors
Calculate the confidence intervals depending on the desired level of statistical certainty:
- 68% confidence intervals (some certainty; absolute standard error)
- 95% confidence intervals (high certainty; twice the absolute standard error)
Assess whether the confidence intervals corresponding to the desired level of statistical certainty do not overlap.

Answer

ownership (2 categories)	growing stock Plateau*
	NFI4					NFI5
	estimated value	standard error		confidence interval		estimated value	standard error		confidence interval
		relative	absolute	68%	95%		relative	absolute	68%	95%
	m³/ha	±%	±	m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha	±%	±	m³/ha	m³/ha
public	340	3	11	329-351	318-362	309	3	11	298-320	287-331
private	447	4	16	431-463	415-479	432	4	17	415-449	398-466
total	386	2	8	378-394	370-402	363	2	9	354-372	345-381
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

The 68%-confidence intervals do not overlap in the public forest (pairs of values in ), but they do in the private forest and the total forest (pairs of values in ). At the certainty level of the 68% confidence intervals, it can be concluded that the growing stock per hectare in the public forest of the Plateau has decreased. For the private forest, as well as for the total forest, the decrease is not statistically certain at this level.

The 95%-confidence intervals overlap in all three categories. At the certainty level of the 95% confidence intervals, it is therefore not certain that the growing stock has decreased, even for the public forest.

See also examples 6 and 7, in which changes between two inventories are interpreted using the more sensitive metric of net change.

For many target variables in the NFI, it is possible to determine whether a change between two inventories is statistically certain, not only by comparing the states in the two inventories (see example 5), but also by analysing the net change** between the two inventories.

To do this, one must first define the level of statistical certainty that one would like to apply to the statement (as done above):

A net change has occurred with some certainty if the relative standard error is less than 100% or if the confidence interval calculated with the absolute standard error (68% confidence interval) does not include the value 0.
A net change has occurred with high certainty if twice the relative standard error is less than 100% or if the confidence interval calculated with twice the absolute standard error (95% confidence interval) does not include the value 0.

Example 6: Interpretation of net changes with the relative standard error

ownership (2 categories)	change in growing stock from NFI4 to NFI5, Plateau*
	estimated value	standard error
	m³/ha	±%
public	-34	30
private	-9	147
total	-23	34
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

Question
Has the growing stock per hectare in the Plateau decreased from NFI4 to NFI5?

Procedure

Define the level of statistical certainty (68% or 95% confidence interval)
Determine whether:
- the relative standard error is less than 100% (certainty level of the 68% confidence interval)
- twice the relative standard error is less than 100% (certainty level of the 95% confidence interval)

Answer

ownership (2 categories)	change in growing stock from NFI4 to NFI5, Plateau*
	estimated value	standard error
		single	double
	m³/ha	±%	±%
public	-34	30	60
private	-9	147	294
total	-23	34	68
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

The single relative standard error is less than 100% for both the public forest and the total forest (highlighted values). For the private forest, however, it is greater than 100% (highlighted values). At the certainty level of the 68% confidence interval, it can be concluded that the growing stock in the Plateau has decreased in the public forest and in total. For the private forest, on the other hand, the decrease in stock is not statistically certain at this level.

The same conclusion is reached in this example with the certainty level of the 95% confidence interval, as twice the relative standard error is again less than 100% for both the public forest and the total forest.

Overall, this means that there is high statistical certainty that the growing stock per hectare has decreased in the public forest in the Plateau, as well as overall. For private forests, on the other hand, the decrease in stock is not statistically certain (as twice the relative standard error and the relative standard error are both less than 100%).

Example 7: Interpretation of net changes with the absolute standard error

ownership (2 categories)	change in growing stock from NFI4 to NFI5, Plateau*
	estimated value	standard error
	%	±
public	-10	3
private	-2	3
total	-6	2
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

Question
Has the growing stock per hectare in the Plateau decreased from NFI4 to NFI5?

Procedure

Define the level of statistical certainty (68% or 95% confidence interval)
Calculate the confidence interval based on the defined certainty level
- 68% confidence interval with the absolute standard error
- 95% confidence interval with twice the absolute standard error
Determine whether the corresponding confidence interval does not include the value 0

Answer

ownership (2 categories)	change in growing stock from NFI4 to NFI5, Plateau*
	estimated value	standard error		confidence interval
		single	double	68%	95%
	%	±	±	%	%
public	-10	3	6	-13 to -7	-16 to -4
private	-2	3	6	-5 to +1	-8 to +4
total	-6	2	4	-8 to -4	-10 to -2
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

Neither the 68% nor the 95% confidence interval includes the value 0 for the public forest or for the total forest. At both certainty levels, this leads to the conclusion that the growing stock in the Plateau has decreased in the public forest and in total. For the private forest, on the other hand, the decrease in stock is not statistically certain (as the confidence intervals include the value 0).

Net changes can be interpreted using the absolute or relative standard error (see examples 6 and 7). It is advisable to use the absolute standard error if the estimated value in the table is shown as a percentage (%; as in example 7), and the relative standard error if the estimated value in the table is shown in absolute terms (m³, m³/ha, pc, m²; as in example 6). This means that the standard error can be taken directly from the table and does not need to be converted.

To assess whether a change is statistically certain, it is advisable to analyse the net change between the two inventories wherever possible. Net changes are more sensitive than status comparisons, which makes it easier to detect differences statistically. See examples 6 and 7 (net change) and 7 (comparison of two results from different inventories).

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4. When is it not sufficient to consider only the standard error?

The National Forest Inventory (NFI) is a sample-based large-scale inventory whose sample areas are arranged on a grid with a mesh size of 1.4 km × 1.4 km. The NFI was designed in such a way that the growing stock for Switzerland as a whole can be predicted with a maximum standard error of 1%.

If results are requested for individual regions or for individual classes, the standard error quickly becomes much larger. This is because the number of sample areas and subjects (e.g. sample trees, young forest plants, pieces of deadwood) analysed for the queried combination of variable expressions* is considerably lower than for the total.

Example 8: Standard error and combination of variable expressions

region	growing stock
	total		maple		sycamore		Norway maple
	estimated value	standard error	estimated value	standard error	estimated value	standard error	estimated value	standard error
	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%
Switzerland	343	1	12	5	11	5	1	20
production region "Plateau"	363	2	15	10	14	11	0	50
Canton of Aargau	289	7	15	20	13	20	1	63

The standard error increases as the level of detail increases.

Large standard errors are to be expected if:

forest districts are selected as the regional demarcation or results for small cantons (e.g. Appenzell Innerrhoden, Nidwalden) are queried,
a classification variable with many classes is selected (e.g. tree species in 56 classes),
several classification variables are combined with each other (e.g. main tree species and development stage).

Large standard errors are an indication that the estimate may have been based on too small a number of sample areas or subjects and that the result of the estimate therefore may not be reliable.

For the target variable “number of stems of young forest plants with browsing damage” (browsing intensity), an uncertain estimate is not necessarily recognisable by a large standard error. This is because this target variable is a quotient estimator**, which is – due to the survey method – only based on a small number of assessed young forest plants for rarer tree species (e.g. pine, larch, Arolla pine, oak, chestnut). Accordingly, for this target variable one should always check how many young forest plants were assessed for the individual estimates. As a rule of thumb, at least 30 young forest plants per estimate should have been assessed for browsing in order to obtain a reliable estimate.

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5. Two types of changes?

There are two types of changes in the National Forest Inventory (NFI):

The first type of change involves specific target variables for change components such as increment, fellings or mortality. These target variables are only available for two consecutive measurement cycles, e.g. NFI4 to NFI5. When change components are analysed, the classification variable expression of the second measurement cycle is generally assigned to the first measurement cycle. These analyses therefore do not take into account any change in the expression (e.g. from private to public ownership) from the earlier to the later measurement cycle.
In the second type of change, the difference in target variables, such as stem number, growing stock or forest area, is used to calculate the net change between two measurement cycles. These target variables are usually used to represent states, e.g. that in NFI5, but can also show the net change between any two measurement cycles, e.g. between NFI1 and NFI5. In these net change analyses, the change in expression is taken into account for some of the classification variables, including “tree condition” and “forest, non-forest”. In this way, it can be seen, for example, that the forest area has increased. For the remaining classification variables, the expressions are regarded as static. This means that the most recent state – whether it was assessed in a measurement cycle (e.g. “primary forest function NFI5”) or taken from an external data source (e.g. “protection forest [2022]”) – is assigned to all measurement cycles.

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6. Change analyses: When are the results (not) additive?

The results are:

additive if they are reported as the total change between two measurement dates. For example, the fellings for the various production regions reported in cubic metres (m³) can be added together to obtain the total fellings for Switzerland.
not additive if they are reported as a change per year (e.g. m³/year). For example, the fellings for the various production regions reported in cubic metres per year (m³/year) cannot be added together to obtain the total fellings for Switzerland.

Example 9: : Additivity/non-additivity of changes

	growing stock: total change between NFI4 and NFI5 (in 1000 m³)*
	Jura		Plateau		Pre-Alps		Alps		Southern Alps		Switzerland
higher/lower altitude zone	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%
lower altitude zone	-3759.0	28	-4909.1	36	-1025.2	133	-317.1	195	3464.1	31	-6546.3	42
higher altitude zone	574.3	117	-328.0	62	1093.0	123	7128.4	21	666.7	93	9134.3	24
total	-3184.7	40	-5237.1	34	67.9	2805	6811.3	23	4130.8	30	2588.1	136
	* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5
	additive

	growing stock: annual change between NFI4 and NFI5 (in 1000 m³/year)*
	Jura		Plateau		Pre-Alps		Alps		Southern Alps		Switzerland
higher/lower altitude zone	1000 m³/year	±%	1000 m³/year	±%	1000 m³/year	±%	1000 m³/year	±%	1000 m³/year	±%	1000 m³/year	±%
lower altitude zone	-421.1	28	-560.6	36	-115.7	133	-35.9	195	389.5	31	-740.7	42
higher altitude zone	64.7	117	-38.3	62	122.4	123	810.4	21	74.9	93	1032.7	24
total	-357.3	40	-598.4	34	7.6	2805	773.8	23	464.4	30	292.7	136
	* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5
	not additive

The non-additivity of changes expressed per year arises because the total change is divided by the average number of years between the two measurement dates in the domain* under consideration, and this average number of years varies slightly depending on the domain.

Example 10: Average number of years per domain

domain		mean number of years*
production region	higher/lower altitude zone
Mittelland	-	8.75
Plateau	higher altitude zone	8.56
Plateau	lower altitude zone	8.76
Southern Alps	-	8.90
Southern Alps	higher altitude zone	8.90
Southern Alps	lower altitude zone	8.89
* between the NFI4 and NFI5 measurements in the accessible forest without shrub forest

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7. Why is a dot (“.”) sometimes given in the cells for standard error or estimated value?

In the calculation of a results table, data is not always available for all combinations of variable expressions*. In most cases, this indicates that the variable estimated with the relevant target variable does not occur or only occurs very rarely. The value 0 is then usually used. However, as this value is not based on any direct measurements, a dot (“.”) is given for the associated standard error. If reference is made to the assumed value of 0 in the calculation, e.g. in the case of percentages or certain change estimates, no value can be used. In this case, a dot (“.”) is given for the estimated value and the standard error.

For example, no Arolla pines have yet been found and measured in the Plateau in the National Forest Inventory (NFI) (growing stock of Arolla pine by production region). It can therefore be assumed that the values are missing because the Arolla pine actually does not occur in the Plateau, and therefore the growing stock in that region must be 0.

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8. Why are no standard error values shown in some tables?

The data in these tables originates from a complete survey and not from a sample inventory. Accordingly, it is not necessary to specify a standard error because there is no uncertainty due to sampling.

The forest road network survey that the National Forest Inventory (NFI) periodically carries out with the local forestry services is an example of such a complete survey.

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9. Negative values for growing stock, increment or fellings?

A negative value is possible if the result could only be calculated on the basis of a few trees. The estimate is therefore not reliable. This is also reflected in the standard error, which is usually extremely large for negative stock, increment or felling values.

Negative values can occur because, when the stemwood volume of the tally trees is determined, the volume estimated solely on the basis of the diameter at breast height (DBH) (tariff volume) is adjusted using the volume of the tally trees estimated on the basis of DBH, diameter at 7 m height and tree height. This procedure enables an unbiased and more accurate calculation of the stemwood volume. However, it can lead to negative values for all target variables that are based on the stemwood volume of the tally trees (e.g. growing stock, increment, fellings) if the number of tally trees in the selected combination of variable expressions* is small.

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NFI5
growing stock (stemwood)
altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 6 classes) · main tree species
regional demarcation: canton
unit: 1000 m³
evaluation area: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI1-NFI5
grid: 1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5
state 2018/26
		canton
		AG		AI		AR		BE		BL/BS		FR		GE		GL		GR		JU		LU		NE		NW		OW		SG		SH		SO		SZ		TG		TI		UR		VD		VS		ZG		ZH		Switzerland
altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 6 classes)	main tree species	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%
n/a	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
upper subalpine	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	268	45	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	81	97	0	.	0	.	157	43	0	.	0	.	506	31
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	237	38	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	66	100	0	.	0	.	57	87	0	.	0	.	361	34
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2062	21	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	113	70	0	.	0	.	1240	26	0	.	0	.	3415	16
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1263	22	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	100	0	.	0	.	712	28	0	.	0	.	1983	17
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	16	60	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	16	60
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	100	0	.	0	.	2	100	0	.	0	.	6	59
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	3849	16	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	270	52	0	.	0	.	2167	22	0	.	0	.	6286	13
subalpine	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	4685	19	0	.	0	.	0	.	443	64	11309	12	0	.	20	100	0	.	344	71	710	56	770	54	0	.	0	.	349	72	0	.	1845	26	691	48	533	40	5395	16	0	.	0	.	27094	7
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	10	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	4	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	14	77
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	52	64	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	147	34	0	.	0	.	0	.	4	100	217	83	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	72	57	0	.	0	.	492	39
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2809	19	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1408	24	0	.	49	100	3570	22	0	.	0	.	7837	13
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	234	48	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	162	42	0	.	0	.	397	33
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	19	53	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	82	0	.	0	.	28	43
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	24	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	24	100
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	26	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	24	91	0	.	0	.	0	.	50	68
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	37	80	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	54	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	100	4	100	7	72	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	10	88	1	100	1	100	80	45	0	.	0	.	150	32
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	4784	19	0	.	0	.	0	.	443	64	14553	11	0	.	20	100	0	.	354	71	931	51	778	54	0	.	0	.	349	72	0	.	3287	20	692	48	608	41	9288	14	0	.	0	.	36086	7
high-montane	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	5474	17	0	.	1639	35	0	.	1059	53	17868	10	0	.	653	48	3	100	45	100	1730	31	732	43	0	.	0	.	1197	34	0	.	2871	23	2131	33	2733	27	7893	14	0	0	0	.	46029	6
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	1251	34	0	.	108	100	0	.	0	.	1032	32	0	.	0	.	0	.	-7	100	211	59	0	0	0	.	0	.	36	75	0	.	540	45	141	77	816	51	1036	32	0	.	0	.	5164	16
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1909	22	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	57	100	0	.	58	62	169	74	0	.	1241	25	0	.	0	.	3437	16
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	17	94	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2434	19	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	51	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1569	29	0	.	167	54	3463	18	0	.	0	.	7700	12
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	12	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	14	90
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	0	.	1	100	0	.	0	.	8	85
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	65	55	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	145	62	0	.	0	.	22	97	0	.	0	.	232	42
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	207	38	0	.	13	100	0	.	0	.	217	38	0	.	12	100	0	.	6	100	14	71	0	.	0	.	0	.	5	71	0	.	35	98	1	100	79	51	117	42	0	.	0	.	705	19
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	149	62	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	18	100	0	.	1	100	116	49	0	.	0	.	291	38
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	9	100	0	.	0	.	9	100
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	36	72	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	36	72
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	49	32	0	.	0	.	0	.	9	100	933	31	0	.	13	74	0	.	1	100	0	0	9	59	0	.	0	.	9	84	0	.	134	53	27	76	27	75	470	23	0	.	0	.	1681	19
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	7018	17	0	.	1760	35	0	.	1068	52	24608	8	0	.	677	48	3	100	45	100	1955	31	792	40	0	.	0	.	1305	33	0	.	5407	17	2476	32	3825	26	14368	11	0	0	0	.	65306	5
lower and upper montane	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	132	61	2564	31	2096	30	12846	10	318	60	5251	18	0	.	1650	28	3025	23	1779	28	5072	16	4148	16	1183	44	1353	34	8148	15	441	47	913	32	3554	21	801	40	1764	66	1122	38	7285	12	858	39	699	43	2940	22	69944	4
	fir	181	59	609	41	1551	36	11463	10	347	53	2063	26	0	.	501	48	948	35	2870	22	4407	17	4265	18	371	56	894	42	3593	18	98	75	892	28	1962	26	170	55	724	39	556	37	5267	14	571	47	204	49	1578	23	46084	5
	pine	74	100	0	.	0	.	681	38	30	79	28	100	0	.	0	.	213	56	304	44	18	100	73	72	0	.	0	.	95	71	44	61	215	41	8	100	126	56	0	.	9	100	94	76	229	59	0	.	309	38	2551	16
	larch	70	106	0	.	0	.	98	63	27	71	6	100	0	.	50	100	212	46	0	.	19	74	41	100	0	.	0	.	85	86	8	100	0	.	57	100	27	100	818	30	0	.	43	71	95	56	40	100	48	73	1744	18
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other conifers	21	74	0	.	14	74	283	58	0	.	0	.	0	.	3	100	0	.	11	74	277	86	8	100	0	.	8	100	358	94	0	.	57	58	4	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	43	48	4	100	0	.	60	57	1150	39
	beech	609	41	323	48	494	36	9034	11	853	33	2027	24	0	.	935	31	1644	25	2469	19	1899	24	1130	19	486	42	1366	30	4549	17	696	39	2854	19	1600	27	411	37	4829	14	640	41	4568	14	734	35	194	53	1808	21	46152	4
	maple	109	68	25	75	266	42	1495	15	193	51	485	26	0	.	370	39	108	39	440	24	465	24	525	30	131	47	186	61	1618	17	40	100	515	26	278	32	292	58	120	55	169	42	767	19	200	48	75	57	496	24	9365	6
	ash	67	94	0	.	254	55	693	35	25	72	548	38	0	.	260	44	91	67	447	33	176	33	47	58	511	59	116	76	936	27	43	100	231	36	296	49	225	43	35	64	201	61	511	36	171	60	26	100	759	32	6668	10
	oak	57	69	0	.	0	.	54	72	0	.	52	79	0	.	0	.	64	100	65	100	59	75	18	100	5	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	80	74	19	100	45	81	31	61	0	.	108	53	32	65	0	.	90	45	778	21
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	48	92	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	48	92
	other broadleaves	186	65	0	.	75	69	553	25	70	53	139	37	0	.	146	49	143	40	313	41	151	40	53	38	78	57	37	48	286	28	12	100	181	54	150	48	0	0	1026	25	34	53	266	36	103	54	7	63	233	47	4242	10
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0
	total	1505	33	3520	29	4750	24	37200	7	1861	32	10598	14	0	.	3914	21	6447	16	8698	15	12542	13	10309	12	2765	30	3961	25	19667	11	1381	34	5937	16	7928	16	2098	29	9396	17	2731	27	18952	9	2998	24	1244	37	8321	15	188726	3
submontane	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	2459	22	0	.	0	.	3966	17	434	45	773	41	0	.	0	.	180	67	460	39	912	30	333	62	0	.	139	100	141	61	947	36	803	44	19	100	1770	24	0	.	147	84	826	29	0	.	0	.	2821	19	17133	7
	fir	1218	31	0	.	0	.	3432	19	195	46	88	63	0	.	0	.	125	74	1020	45	1866	26	326	45	0	.	153	100	41	94	86	94	414	36	33	100	1189	37	0	.	165	101	943	30	0	.	65	100	476	35	11835	10
	pine	68	54	0	.	0	.	589	45	267	37	304	60	0	.	0	.	116	57	79	62	229	58	50	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	286	44	105	49	0	.	278	56	0	.	46	100	87	48	0	.	0	.	498	28	3001	15
	larch	216	42	0	.	0	.	133	76	0	.	91	73	0	.	0	.	89	74	22	100	9	100	0	.	0	.	18	100	82	71	28	71	20	100	0	.	43	75	0	.	0	.	233	48	0	.	0	.	237	43	1221	19
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other conifers	178	55	0	.	0	.	241	66	252	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	75	99	0	.	0	.	0	.	-15	138	66	100	0	.	0	.	5	72	0	.	0	.	62	91	0	.	0	.	14	88	879	38
	beech	3958	17	0	.	0	.	4357	15	1464	26	1338	31	0	.	0	.	117	57	947	35	1741	26	174	43	0	.	0	0	708	35	1463	25	1576	25	225	66	1270	25	0	.	361	58	2152	24	119	81	120	75	2496	19	24587	6
	maple	527	22	0	.	0	.	634	25	235	33	68	70	0	.	0	.	82	59	68	104	72	52	41	89	0	.	0	.	128	95	61	58	212	39	53	81	181	39	0	.	0	.	322	29	50	86	25	100	780	26	3541	10
	ash	676	31	0	.	0	.	585	31	284	49	795	39	0	.	0	.	50	85	322	52	400	69	52	71	0	.	0	.	411	55	188	52	231	42	280	63	546	34	0	.	10	100	796	29	24	60	89	72	502	29	6242	11
	oak	631	38	0	.	0	.	573	23	189	52	179	50	0	.	0	.	0	.	268	50	246	57	69	71	0	.	0	.	97	57	210	47	132	50	0	.	911	48	0	.	86	72	838	29	33	100	0	.	426	32	4887	13
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	5	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	6	100	26	100	0	.	0	.	36	74
	other broadleaves	498	23	0	.	0	.	712	24	128	42	354	42	0	.	0	.	65	63	81	48	128	45	6	132	0	.	2	100	165	60	28	54	159	50	69	82	469	34	0	.	45	67	847	42	81	63	0	.	456	31	4292	12
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0
	total	10430	12	0	.	0	.	15224	10	3448	20	3991	22	0	.	0	.	829	37	3265	24	5679	18	1050	38	0	.	312	70	1759	32	3362	22	3653	20	679	53	6663	16	0	.	860	55	7112	15	332	47	300	71	8706	12	77654	4
hyperinsubric and colline	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	4	75	0	.	11	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	203	46	0	.	0	.	167	58	0	.	-4	100	381	35
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	4	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	18	100	34	100	0	.	0	.	15	65	0	.	0	.	70	56
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	67	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	291	40	0	.	33	100	391	35
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	9	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	5	100	0	.	0	.	181	74	0	.	0	.	196	68
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	82	98	0	.	0	.	1	100	0	.	0	.	83	98
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	22	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	53	100	840	28	0	.	0	.	11	100	0	.	0	.	926	26
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	90	62	0	.	0	.	9	71	0	.	0	.	99	57
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	9	100	0	.	11	71	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	100	697	37	0	.	2	100	31	50	0	.	0	.	758	34
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	384	58	0	.	85	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	908	22	0	.	207	60	156	51	0	.	43	71	1790	19
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	510	44	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	4754	14	0	.	0	.	71	62	0	.	0	.	5336	13
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	86	0	.	412	45	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2370	16	0	.	27	96	170	46	0	.	11	100	2998	14
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	475	55	0	.	1061	34	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	86	100	9984	9	0	.	236	58	1104	28	0	.	83	77	13029	8
total	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	2592	21	2564	31	2096	30	26972	7	751	36	7664	15	4	75	3152	24	32662	7	2239	23	6657	14	4483	15	1573	37	3932	21	9791	14	1388	28	1717	27	5119	17	2572	21	6765	21	4090	22	11378	11	14470	10	699	43	5757	14	161087	3
	fir	1398	28	609	41	1551	36	16155	9	541	38	2259	24	4	100	501	48	2105	23	3889	20	6273	14	4592	17	368	56	1259	34	3634	18	184	59	1306	22	2031	25	1377	32	1298	29	862	33	7026	13	1621	26	269	44	2054	20	63168	4
	pine	143	58	0	.	0	.	1324	28	297	35	331	55	67	100	0	.	2623	17	383	37	246	54	123	59	4	100	217	83	95	71	330	39	320	32	65	88	404	42	124	61	224	60	181	46	1891	19	0	.	840	22	10232	8
	larch	286	41	0	.	0	.	248	48	27	71	97	69	0	.	50	100	7615	11	22	100	28	59	41	100	0	.	18	100	218	49	36	59	20	100	57	100	70	60	3914	15	0	.	492	31	8549	12	40	100	285	37	22114	6
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	12	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1499	20	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	100	0	.	0	.	874	24	0	.	0	.	2393	15
	other conifers	198	50	0	.	14	74	525	43	252	100	0	.	0	.	3	100	35	40	11	74	352	71	8	100	0	.	8	100	344	98	66	100	57	58	4	100	5	72	82	98	7	100	105	57	13	58	0	.	75	49	2163	26
	beech	4567	16	323	48	494	36	13391	9	2317	20	3366	19	0	.	935	31	1847	22	3416	17	3640	17	1304	18	486	42	1366	30	5257	15	2159	21	4431	15	1826	25	1734	20	5839	12	1001	33	6720	12	886	31	314	43	4304	14	71921	3
	maple	636	22	25	75	266	42	2336	12	428	29	566	24	0	.	370	39	432	24	508	24	549	22	566	28	136	46	199	57	1746	18	101	53	727	22	336	30	473	39	246	38	170	42	1192	15	376	31	100	50	1276	18	13760	5
	ash	743	29	0	.	254	55	1285	24	309	45	1343	28	9	100	260	44	301	39	770	29	575	49	99	46	511	59	116	76	1347	25	231	46	462	27	576	39	779	27	750	35	211	58	1310	23	342	35	115	60	1261	22	13959	7
	oak	688	35	0	.	0	.	628	22	189	52	231	43	384	58	0	.	149	71	332	45	305	48	87	60	5	100	0	.	97	57	210	47	212	42	19	100	963	45	939	21	86	72	1153	24	231	38	0	.	558	26	7465	10
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	515	44	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	4838	14	0	.	6	100	97	52	0	.	0	.	5456	12
	other broadleaves	684	24	0	.	75	69	1350	16	198	33	492	32	8	86	155	46	1563	22	393	34	292	29	59	37	81	55	43	43	466	27	39	48	339	37	228	40	469	34	3542	13	108	38	1169	32	906	17	7	63	700	26	13369	6
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0
	total	11935	11	3520	29	4750	24	64227	5	5310	17	16349	11	475	55	5426	19	51347	5	11963	12	18918	10	11363	11	3164	27	7159	18	22996	10	4744	18	9590	12	10261	14	8847	14	28344	7	6758	18	30732	7	30257	7	1544	33	17110	9	387089	1

Table citation

Abegg, M.; Ahles, P.; Allgaier Leuch, B.; Cioldi, F.; Didion, M.; Düggelin, C.; Fischer, C.; Herold, A.; Meile, R.; Rohner, B.; Rösler, E.; Speich, S.; Temperli, C.; Traub, B.,
2023: Swiss national forest inventory - Result table No. 1372333. Birmensdorf, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL

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