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net increment #80
Increase in the stemwood volume between two inventories of all surviving trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark, the stemwood volume of all ingrowing trees and shrubs with bark, and the modelled increase in the stemwood volume of the losses with bark during half the inventory period minus the volume of mortality. The net increment thus corresponds to the increment (=gross increment) minus the volume of mortality.

altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 6 classes) #2633
Altitudinal vegetation belts in the system used in the guidelines for monitoring the sustainability and performance of protection forests (NaiS; Frehner et al. 2005), reduced to six classes. The variable represents a simplification of the NaiS altitudinal vegetation belts with ten classes (NAISHSTKOMB) in which the classes «hyperinsubric» and «colline» are merged with «colline with beech» to form the class «hyperinsubric and colline» and the class «lower montane» with «upper montane» and «lower/upper montane» to form the class «lower and upper montane». The information is based on the altitudinal vegetation belts determined by experts (accessible forest sample plots of NFI4 on the 1.4-km network; Arge Frehner et al. 2020), as well as on the altitudinal vegetation belts modelled for the period 1981-2010 (other sample plots; Zischg et al. 2021).

main tree species #90
Type of trees and shrubs ≥12 cm in diameter at breast height (dbh) with the ten most common species or species groups in Switzerland ('main tree species') categorised, and the classes 'other conifers' and 'other broadleaves' for the remaining species. The main tree species are: spruce (Picea spp.), fir (Abies spp.), pine (Pinus sylvestris, P. nigra, P. strobus, P. mugo subsp. uncinata), larch (Larix spp.), Arolla pine (Pinus cembra), beech (Fagus sylvatica), maple (Acer spp.), ash (Fraxinus spp.), oak (Quercus spp.) and chestnut (Castanea sativa). Reference: Field Survey (MID 50: Baumart)

canton #827
Regional demarcation with the cantons as a unit, with the two half-cantons, Basel-Land and Basel-Stadt, combined into one canton for statistical reasons.

accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5 #2282
Forest that was less than two-thirds covered with shrubs in both NFI4 (2009-2017) and NFI5 (2018-2026) and is accessible on foot.

1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5 #1746
Sub-grids 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the field surveys on the sampling grid with a mesh size of 1.4 km (base grid).

What do the numbers stand for?
What is the purpose of the standard error?
When are two results statistically different?
When is it not sufficient to consider only the standard error?
Two types of changes?
Change analyses: When are the results (not) additive?
Why is a dot (“.”) sometimes given in the cells for standard error or estimated value?
Why are no standard error values shown in some tables?
Negative values for growing stock, increment or fellings?

1. What do the numbers stand for?

The tables mainly show results that were calculated using statistical methods from the data of the sample inventory of the National Forest Inventory (NFI). Such results always consist of two figures: (1) the estimated value and (2) the sampling error, the so-called standard error.

Example 1: Estimated value and standard error

NFI5

volume of deadwood (stemwood)
ownership (2 categories)

regional demarcation: production region

unit: m³/ha

evaluation area: accessible forest without shrub forest

grid: 1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5

state 2018/26
	production region
	Jura		Plateau		Pre-Alps		Alps		Southern Alps		Switzerland
ownership (2 categories)	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%
public	30	10	17	13	37	9	36	6	26	10	30	4
private	27	17	20	12	50	10	32	8	39	13	34	5
total	29estimated value	9standard error	19	9	44	7	35	5	29	8	32	3

The tables usually show the relative (percentage) standard error (“±%”), but occasionally – in the case of estimated percentages – the absolute standard error (“±”).

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2. What is the purpose of the standard error?

The standard error can be used to define confidence intervals around the estimated value, which contain the true value of the population with a certain statistical certainty.

The statistical certainty is:

68% if the confidence interval is calculated using the standard error
(68% confidence interval = estimated value ± standard error), and
95% if the confidence interval is calculated using twice the standard error
(95% confidence interval = estimated value ± 2 × standard error*)

Example 2: Calculating confidence intervals

LFI5
volume of deadwood (stemwood)
ownership (2 categories)
regional demarcation: production region
unit: m³/ha
evaluation area: accessible forest without shrub forest
grid: 1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5
state 2018/26
	production region
	Jura
ownership (2 classes)	m³/ha	±%
public	30	10
private	27	17
total	29	9

Question
What are the 68% and 95% confidence intervals of the above estimates?

Procedure

Calculate the absolute standard error (= relative standard error × estimated value / 100)
Calculate the confidence intervals
- 68% confidence interval = estimated value ± absolute standard error
- 95% confidence interval = estimated value ± 2 × absolute standard error

Answer

			Step 1	Step 2

ownership (2 categories)	volume of deadwood Jura NFI5
	estimated value	standard error		confidence interval
		relative	absolute	68%	95%
	m³/ha	±%	±m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha
public	30	10	3	27-33	24-36
private	27	17	5	22-32	17-37
total	29	9	3	26-32calculated with the standard error, i.e. 29 ± 3	23-25calculated with twice the standard error, i.e. 29 ± 2 × 3

The volume of deadwood in the Jura is between 26 and 32 m³/ha with a statistical certainty of 68% and between 23 and 35 m³/ha with a statistical certainty of 95%.

The 95% confidence interval is larger than the 68% confidence interval. This results in higher statistical certainty with the 95% confidence interval.

Example 3: Visualisation of the 68% and 95% confidence intervals

Data: see example 2

When interpreting the results, one must define the level of statistical certainty that one would like to apply to the statement.

The 68% confidence interval is generally used in the National Forest Inventory (NFI).

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3. When are two results statistically different?*

This can be checked by comparing the confidence intervals of two estimated values:

If the 68% confidence intervals of two estimates do not overlap, it can be assumed with some certainty that the two populations differ.
If the 95% confidence intervals of two estimates do not overlap, it can be assumed with high certainty that the two populations differ.

Example 4: Interpretation of two results from the same inventory

NFI5
growing stock (stemwood)
ownership (2 categories)
regional demarcation: production region
unit: m³/ha
evaluation area: accessible forest without shrub forest
grid: 1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5
state 2018/26
	production region
	Jura		Plateau		Pre-Alps		Alps		Southern Alps		Switzerland
ownership (2 categories)	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%
public	331	3	311	3	405	4	300	3	256	5	314	2
private	387	5	432	4	454	4	348	4	285	6	398	2
total	345	2	363	2	431	2	314	2	262	4	343	1

	case 2						case 1

case 1

Question
Is the growing stock per hectare greater in the Alps than in the Southern Alps?

Procedure

Calculate the absolute standard errors
Calculate the confidence intervals depending on the desired level of statistical certainty:
- 68% confidence intervals (some certainty; absolute standard error)
- 95% confidence intervals (high certainty; twice the absolute standard error)
Assess whether the confidence intervals corresponding to the desired level of statistical certainty do not overlap

Answer

ownership (2 categories)	growing stock NFI5
	Alps					Southern Alps
	estimated value	standard error		confidence interval		estimated value	standard error		confidence interval
		relative	absolute	68%	95%		relative	absolute	68%	95%
	m³/ha	±%	±m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha	±%	±m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha
total	314	2	6	308-320	302-326	262	4	10	252-272	242-282

Neither the 68%-confidence intervals nor the 95%-confidence intervals overlap (pairs of values in ).

In this case, the level of statistical certainty selected has no influence on the result.

Overall, this means that there is high statistical certainty that the growing stock per hectare is greater in the Alps than in the Southern Alps.

Case 2

Question
Is the growing stock per hectare greater in the Plateau than in the Jura?

Procedure

See case 1.

Answer

ownership (2 categories)	growing stock NFI5
	Jura					Plateau
	estimated value	standard error		confidence interval		estimated value	standard error		confidence interval
		relative	absolute	68%	95%		relative	absolute	68%	95%
	m³/ha	±%	±m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha	±%	±m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha
total	345	2	7	338-352	331-359	363	2	7	356-370	349-377

The 68%-confidence intervals do not overlap (pairs of values in ).
In contrast, the 95%-confidence intervals overlap (pairs of values in ).

In this case, the level of statistical certainty selected has an influence on the interpretation of the results. At the 68% confidence interval level, the conclusion is that the growing stock per hectare is higher in the Plateau than in the Jura. At the 95% confidence interval level, however, this conclusion cannot be drawn.

Considering both confidence interval levels, it can be said that there is some, but not high, statistical certainty that the growing stock per hectare is greater in the Plateau than in the Jura.

The confidence intervals can also be used to determine whether a value estimated with a sample from the National Forest Inventory (NFI) deviates from a target value (e.g. from Swiss forest policy) or whether a change between two inventories is statistically certain.

Example 5: Interpretation of two results from different inventories

ownership (2 categories)	growing stock Plateau*
	NFI4		NFI5
	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%
public	340	3	309	3
private	447	4	432	4
total	386	2	363	2
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

Question
Has the growing stock per hectare in the Plateau decreased from NFI4 to NFI5?

Procedure

Calculate the absolute standard errors
Calculate the confidence intervals depending on the desired level of statistical certainty:
- 68% confidence intervals (some certainty; absolute standard error)
- 95% confidence intervals (high certainty; twice the absolute standard error)
Assess whether the confidence intervals corresponding to the desired level of statistical certainty do not overlap.

Answer

ownership (2 categories)	growing stock Plateau*
	NFI4					NFI5
	estimated value	standard error		confidence interval		estimated value	standard error		confidence interval
		relative	absolute	68%	95%		relative	absolute	68%	95%
	m³/ha	±%	±	m³/ha	m³/ha	m³/ha	±%	±	m³/ha	m³/ha
public	340	3	11	329-351	318-362	309	3	11	298-320	287-331
private	447	4	16	431-463	415-479	432	4	17	415-449	398-466
total	386	2	8	378-394	370-402	363	2	9	354-372	345-381
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

The 68%-confidence intervals do not overlap in the public forest (pairs of values in ), but they do in the private forest and the total forest (pairs of values in ). At the certainty level of the 68% confidence intervals, it can be concluded that the growing stock per hectare in the public forest of the Plateau has decreased. For the private forest, as well as for the total forest, the decrease is not statistically certain at this level.

The 95%-confidence intervals overlap in all three categories. At the certainty level of the 95% confidence intervals, it is therefore not certain that the growing stock has decreased, even for the public forest.

See also examples 6 and 7, in which changes between two inventories are interpreted using the more sensitive metric of net change.

For many target variables in the NFI, it is possible to determine whether a change between two inventories is statistically certain, not only by comparing the states in the two inventories (see example 5), but also by analysing the net change** between the two inventories.

To do this, one must first define the level of statistical certainty that one would like to apply to the statement (as done above):

A net change has occurred with some certainty if the relative standard error is less than 100% or if the confidence interval calculated with the absolute standard error (68% confidence interval) does not include the value 0.
A net change has occurred with high certainty if twice the relative standard error is less than 100% or if the confidence interval calculated with twice the absolute standard error (95% confidence interval) does not include the value 0.

Example 6: Interpretation of net changes with the relative standard error

ownership (2 categories)	change in growing stock from NFI4 to NFI5, Plateau*
	estimated value	standard error
	m³/ha	±%
public	-34	30
private	-9	147
total	-23	34
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

Question
Has the growing stock per hectare in the Plateau decreased from NFI4 to NFI5?

Procedure

Define the level of statistical certainty (68% or 95% confidence interval)
Determine whether:
- the relative standard error is less than 100% (certainty level of the 68% confidence interval)
- twice the relative standard error is less than 100% (certainty level of the 95% confidence interval)

Answer

ownership (2 categories)	change in growing stock from NFI4 to NFI5, Plateau*
	estimated value	standard error
		single	double
	m³/ha	±%	±%
public	-34	30	60
private	-9	147	294
total	-23	34	68
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

The single relative standard error is less than 100% for both the public forest and the total forest (highlighted values). For the private forest, however, it is greater than 100% (highlighted values). At the certainty level of the 68% confidence interval, it can be concluded that the growing stock in the Plateau has decreased in the public forest and in total. For the private forest, on the other hand, the decrease in stock is not statistically certain at this level.

The same conclusion is reached in this example with the certainty level of the 95% confidence interval, as twice the relative standard error is again less than 100% for both the public forest and the total forest.

Overall, this means that there is high statistical certainty that the growing stock per hectare has decreased in the public forest in the Plateau, as well as overall. For private forests, on the other hand, the decrease in stock is not statistically certain (as twice the relative standard error and the relative standard error are both less than 100%).

Example 7: Interpretation of net changes with the absolute standard error

ownership (2 categories)	change in growing stock from NFI4 to NFI5, Plateau*
	estimated value	standard error
	%	±
public	-10	3
private	-2	3
total	-6	2
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

Question
Has the growing stock per hectare in the Plateau decreased from NFI4 to NFI5?

Procedure

Define the level of statistical certainty (68% or 95% confidence interval)
Calculate the confidence interval based on the defined certainty level
- 68% confidence interval with the absolute standard error
- 95% confidence interval with twice the absolute standard error
Determine whether the corresponding confidence interval does not include the value 0

Answer

ownership (2 categories)	change in growing stock from NFI4 to NFI5, Plateau*
	estimated value	standard error		confidence interval
		single	double	68%	95%
	%	±	±	%	%
public	-10	3	6	-13 to -7	-16 to -4
private	-2	3	6	-5 to +1	-8 to +4
total	-6	2	4	-8 to -4	-10 to -2
* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

Neither the 68% nor the 95% confidence interval includes the value 0 for the public forest or for the total forest. At both certainty levels, this leads to the conclusion that the growing stock in the Plateau has decreased in the public forest and in total. For the private forest, on the other hand, the decrease in stock is not statistically certain (as the confidence intervals include the value 0).

Net changes can be interpreted using the absolute or relative standard error (see examples 6 and 7). It is advisable to use the absolute standard error if the estimated value in the table is shown as a percentage (%; as in example 7), and the relative standard error if the estimated value in the table is shown in absolute terms (m³, m³/ha, pc, m²; as in example 6). This means that the standard error can be taken directly from the table and does not need to be converted.

To assess whether a change is statistically certain, it is advisable to analyse the net change between the two inventories wherever possible. Net changes are more sensitive than status comparisons, which makes it easier to detect differences statistically. See examples 6 and 7 (net change) and 7 (comparison of two results from different inventories).

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4. When is it not sufficient to consider only the standard error?

The National Forest Inventory (NFI) is a sample-based large-scale inventory whose sample areas are arranged on a grid with a mesh size of 1.4 km × 1.4 km. The NFI was designed in such a way that the growing stock for Switzerland as a whole can be predicted with a maximum standard error of 1%.

If results are requested for individual regions or for individual classes, the standard error quickly becomes much larger. This is because the number of sample areas and subjects (e.g. sample trees, young forest plants, pieces of deadwood) analysed for the queried combination of variable expressions* is considerably lower than for the total.

Example 8: Standard error and combination of variable expressions

region	growing stock
	total		maple		sycamore		Norway maple
	estimated value	standard error	estimated value	standard error	estimated value	standard error	estimated value	standard error
	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%	m³/ha	±%
Switzerland	343	1	12	5	11	5	1	20
production region "Plateau"	363	2	15	10	14	11	0	50
Canton of Aargau	289	7	15	20	13	20	1	63

The standard error increases as the level of detail increases.

Large standard errors are to be expected if:

forest districts are selected as the regional demarcation or results for small cantons (e.g. Appenzell Innerrhoden, Nidwalden) are queried,
a classification variable with many classes is selected (e.g. tree species in 56 classes),
several classification variables are combined with each other (e.g. main tree species and development stage).

Large standard errors are an indication that the estimate may have been based on too small a number of sample areas or subjects and that the result of the estimate therefore may not be reliable.

For the target variable “number of stems of young forest plants with browsing damage” (browsing intensity), an uncertain estimate is not necessarily recognisable by a large standard error. This is because this target variable is a quotient estimator**, which is – due to the survey method – only based on a small number of assessed young forest plants for rarer tree species (e.g. pine, larch, Arolla pine, oak, chestnut). Accordingly, for this target variable one should always check how many young forest plants were assessed for the individual estimates. As a rule of thumb, at least 30 young forest plants per estimate should have been assessed for browsing in order to obtain a reliable estimate.

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5. Two types of changes?

There are two types of changes in the National Forest Inventory (NFI):

The first type of change involves specific target variables for change components such as increment, fellings or mortality. These target variables are only available for two consecutive measurement cycles, e.g. NFI4 to NFI5. When change components are analysed, the classification variable expression of the second measurement cycle is generally assigned to the first measurement cycle. These analyses therefore do not take into account any change in the expression (e.g. from private to public ownership) from the earlier to the later measurement cycle.
In the second type of change, the difference in target variables, such as stem number, growing stock or forest area, is used to calculate the net change between two measurement cycles. These target variables are usually used to represent states, e.g. that in NFI5, but can also show the net change between any two measurement cycles, e.g. between NFI1 and NFI5. In these net change analyses, the change in expression is taken into account for some of the classification variables, including “tree condition” and “forest, non-forest”. In this way, it can be seen, for example, that the forest area has increased. For the remaining classification variables, the expressions are regarded as static. This means that the most recent state – whether it was assessed in a measurement cycle (e.g. “primary forest function NFI5”) or taken from an external data source (e.g. “protection forest [2022]”) – is assigned to all measurement cycles.

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6. Change analyses: When are the results (not) additive?

The results are:

additive if they are reported as the total change between two measurement dates. For example, the fellings for the various production regions reported in cubic metres (m³) can be added together to obtain the total fellings for Switzerland.
not additive if they are reported as a change per year (e.g. m³/year). For example, the fellings for the various production regions reported in cubic metres per year (m³/year) cannot be added together to obtain the total fellings for Switzerland.

Example 9: : Additivity/non-additivity of changes

	growing stock: total change between NFI4 and NFI5 (in 1000 m³)*
	Jura		Plateau		Pre-Alps		Alps		Southern Alps		Switzerland
higher/lower altitude zone	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%	1000 m³	±%
lower altitude zone	-3759.0	28	-4909.1	36	-1025.2	133	-317.1	195	3464.1	31	-6546.3	42
higher altitude zone	574.3	117	-328.0	62	1093.0	123	7128.4	21	666.7	93	9134.3	24
total	-3184.7	40	-5237.1	34	67.9	2805	6811.3	23	4130.8	30	2588.1	136
	* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5
	additive

	growing stock: annual change between NFI4 and NFI5 (in 1000 m³/year)*
	Jura		Plateau		Pre-Alps		Alps		Southern Alps		Switzerland
higher/lower altitude zone	1000 m³/year	±%	1000 m³/year	±%	1000 m³/year	±%	1000 m³/year	±%	1000 m³/year	±%	1000 m³/year	±%
lower altitude zone	-421.1	28	-560.6	36	-115.7	133	-35.9	195	389.5	31	-740.7	42
higher altitude zone	64.7	117	-38.3	62	122.4	123	810.4	21	74.9	93	1032.7	24
total	-357.3	40	-598.4	34	7.6	2805	773.8	23	464.4	30	292.7	136
	* accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5
	not additive

The non-additivity of changes expressed per year arises because the total change is divided by the average number of years between the two measurement dates in the domain* under consideration, and this average number of years varies slightly depending on the domain.

Example 10: Average number of years per domain

domain		mean number of years*
production region	higher/lower altitude zone
Mittelland	-	8.75
Plateau	higher altitude zone	8.56
Plateau	lower altitude zone	8.76
Southern Alps	-	8.90
Southern Alps	higher altitude zone	8.90
Southern Alps	lower altitude zone	8.89
* between the NFI4 and NFI5 measurements in the accessible forest without shrub forest

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7. Why is a dot (“.”) sometimes given in the cells for standard error or estimated value?

In the calculation of a results table, data is not always available for all combinations of variable expressions*. In most cases, this indicates that the variable estimated with the relevant target variable does not occur or only occurs very rarely. The value 0 is then usually used. However, as this value is not based on any direct measurements, a dot (“.”) is given for the associated standard error. If reference is made to the assumed value of 0 in the calculation, e.g. in the case of percentages or certain change estimates, no value can be used. In this case, a dot (“.”) is given for the estimated value and the standard error.

For example, no Arolla pines have yet been found and measured in the Plateau in the National Forest Inventory (NFI) (growing stock of Arolla pine by production region). It can therefore be assumed that the values are missing because the Arolla pine actually does not occur in the Plateau, and therefore the growing stock in that region must be 0.

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8. Why are no standard error values shown in some tables?

The data in these tables originates from a complete survey and not from a sample inventory. Accordingly, it is not necessary to specify a standard error because there is no uncertainty due to sampling.

The forest road network survey that the National Forest Inventory (NFI) periodically carries out with the local forestry services is an example of such a complete survey.

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9. Negative values for growing stock, increment or fellings?

A negative value is possible if the result could only be calculated on the basis of a few trees. The estimate is therefore not reliable. This is also reflected in the standard error, which is usually extremely large for negative stock, increment or felling values.

Negative values can occur because, when the stemwood volume of the tally trees is determined, the volume estimated solely on the basis of the diameter at breast height (DBH) (tariff volume) is adjusted using the volume of the tally trees estimated on the basis of DBH, diameter at 7 m height and tree height. This procedure enables an unbiased and more accurate calculation of the stemwood volume. However, it can lead to negative values for all target variables that are based on the stemwood volume of the tally trees (e.g. growing stock, increment, fellings) if the number of tally trees in the selected combination of variable expressions* is small.

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NFI4–NFI5
net increment
altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 6 classes) · main tree species
regional demarcation: canton
unit: 1000 m³/yr
evaluation area: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5
grid: 1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5
change 2009/17–2018/26
		canton
		AG		AI		AR		BE		BL/BS		FR		GE		GL		GR		JU		LU		NE		NW		OW		SG		SH		SO		SZ		TG		TI		UR		VD		VS		ZG		ZH		Switzerland
altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 6 classes)	main tree species	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%	1000 m³/yr	±%
n/a	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
upper subalpine	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	11	37	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	10	64	0	.	0	.	2	61	0	.	0	.	23	33
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	250	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	-1	154	0	.	0	.	1	108	0	.	0	.	2	289
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	47	29	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	12	75	0	.	0	.	16	56	0	.	0	.	74	25
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	35	24	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	13	40	0	.	0	.	48	21
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	-1	78	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	-1	78
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	74	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	186	0	.	0	.	0	95	0	.	0	.	1	57
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	94	20	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	22	66	0	.	0	.	32	33	0	.	0	.	148	17
subalpine	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	61	37	0	.	7	.	0	.	14	52	154	35	0	.	1	.	0	.	4	88	24	52	18	71	0	.	0	.	1	73	0	.	40	27	14	54	13	89	78	27	0	.	0	.	428	16
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	2	119
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	64	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	2763	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	4	90	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	89	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	87	0	.	0	.	7	58
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	37	51	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	232	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	39	31	0	0	2	100	49	28	0	.	0	.	129	21
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	7860	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	-1	267	0	.	0	.	-1	734
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	-1	102	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	58	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	-1	158
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	2	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	88	0	.	0	92	0	100	0	.	0	.	5	53
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	62	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	58	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	100	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	59	0	96	0	100	3	100	0	.	0	.	6	57
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	68	34	0	.	7	.	0	.	15	51	194	32	0	.	1	.	0	.	4	78	28	48	18	72	0	.	0	.	2	56	0	.	82	22	14	54	15	82	129	21	0	.	0	.	576	14
high-montane	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	79	32	0	.	24	34	0	.	3	241	381	13	0	.	10	65	0	.	3	83	11	65	19	81	0	.	0	.	15	78	0	.	12	216	40	53	54	36	101	35	0	.	0	.	751	11
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	20	37	0	.	3	100	0	.	0	.	8	129	0	.	0	0	0	.	-1	100	2	158	0	0	0	.	0	.	2	93	0	.	13	43	-3	121	28	46	22	36	0	.	0	.	94	23
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	30	39	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	100	0	.	-2	164	3	80	0	.	-3	272	0	.	0	.	29	53
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	82	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	58	27	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	20	56	0	.	7	67	38	38	0	.	0	.	123	20
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	2	102
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	59
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	144	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	232	0	.	0	.	1	90	0	.	0	.	3	96
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	-1	376	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	100	3	106	0	.	0	100	0	.	1	80	0	112	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	92	0	.	3	92	0	73	2	50	8	46	0	.	0	.	17	46
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	5	126	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	71	0	.	0	100	-3	288	0	.	0	.	4	263
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	89	0	.	0	.	1	89
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	74	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	74
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	131	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	100	27	76	0	.	0	64	0	.	0	100	0	0	0	464	0	.	0	.	0	127	0	.	0	947	1	76	1	114	5	161	0	.	0	.	35	62
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	101	29	0	.	28	35	0	.	3	235	513	12	0	.	11	64	0	.	3	116	14	66	20	75	0	.	0	.	18	61	0	.	49	61	40	54	92	27	170	26	0	.	0	.	1060	9
lower and upper montane	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	5	49	43	39	32	64	179	25	9	54	110	22	0	.	19	83	85	25	1	934	63	36	68	25	24	54	20	60	157	17	8	43	18	55	53	34	18	41	21	42	14	62	143	21	11	76	38	39	49	54	1185	8
	fir	1	229	17	43	29	50	266	16	9	52	43	51	0	.	3	157	13	55	54	31	126	25	115	20	8	55	21	39	85	33	2	74	27	44	53	29	-4	162	8	68	0	1276	132	19	14	55	12	46	27	46	1062	7
	pine	2	100	0	.	0	100	7	111	1	92	0	100	0	.	0	.	-1	335	7	94	0	100	2	90	0	.	0	.	1	192	-3	98	-1	277	0	100	0	1173	0	100	0	100	-3	102	1	156	0	.	0	1069	16	78
	larch	-3	78	0	.	0	.	1	177	0	94	1	100	0	.	-1	100	3	49	0	.	1	70	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	388	0	100	0	.	1	100	3	100	14	49	0	.	1	112	1	53	1	100	3	75	25	35
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other conifers	1	76	0	.	1	71	10	52	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	2	90	8	76	0	100	0	.	0	100	7	70	0	.	4	69	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	4	55	0	0	0	.	3	61	40	26
	beech	6	53	11	58	4	149	182	17	18	52	42	31	0	.	5	203	29	32	30	37	19	48	29	30	8	93	-3	243	109	26	12	57	46	26	19	42	12	40	94	24	9	84	78	20	0	1350	3	79	35	35	793	8
	maple	-1	365	1	99	4	166	39	25	1	499	8	54	0	.	8	84	4	66	8	59	1	342	20	38	-1	323	2	241	36	24	1	100	19	40	9	39	6	55	6	65	3	85	27	35	7	58	2	99	21	36	229	11
	ash	1	65	0	.	-4	191	8	84	1	212	20	56	0	.	1	517	1	47	-14	83	1	339	2	43	4	141	5	90	12	116	0	100	5	67	1	514	-1	313	-1	462	7	54	8	67	1	302	2	96	6	65	67	43
	oak	1	61	0	.	0	.	2	80	0	.	2	86	0	.	0	.	2	80	-1	230	1	71	1	91	0	100	0	.	0	100	0	100	-2	179	0	100	1	62	1	125	0	.	4	74	2	93	0	100	3	45	17	38
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	795	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	795
	other broadleaves	3	65	0	100	2	109	1	1722	3	64	10	48	0	.	-4	98	-4	116	1	267	5	52	-1	166	1	301	2	54	2	248	0	100	5	57	8	65	0	0	4	252	-6	71	7	59	3	97	1	75	3	80	47	47
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0
	total	15	47	71	31	67	53	695	11	42	36	236	17	0	.	30	84	133	20	89	32	226	22	236	15	44	42	47	43	409	15	21	50	122	22	145	20	34	38	147	19	27	50	400	13	41	44	59	35	148	24	3479	4
submontane	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	115	24	0	.	0	.	149	16	7	57	32	48	0	.	0	.	2	61	16	37	33	38	1	254	0	.	10	100	4	154	-8	255	22	44	2	100	61	29	0	.	1	81	27	40	0	.	0	100	100	21	575	9
	fir	36	38	0	.	0	.	101	19	6	47	5	81	0	.	0	.	4	107	32	41	72	30	11	45	0	.	6	100	2	88	4	89	10	71	0	100	46	36	0	.	0	568	41	31	0	.	2	100	21	30	400	10
	pine	-4	102	0	.	0	.	-4	127	7	59	3	107	0	.	0	.	2	124	1	237	5	73	1	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	10	69	-1	176	0	.	4	75	0	.	0	158	0	911	0	100	0	.	6	54	30	43
	larch	5	150	0	.	0	.	4	68	0	.	3	73	0	.	0	.	1	138	0	100	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	100	1	72	1	76	0	100	0	.	1	95	0	.	0	.	11	64	0	.	0	.	4	40	31	35
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other conifers	9	55	0	.	0	.	9	60	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	94	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	1135	4	100	0	.	0	.	0	86	0	.	0	.	5	98	0	.	0	.	1	87	36	33
	beech	78	28	0	.	0	.	135	17	12	107	22	61	0	.	0	.	3	48	12	43	60	32	3	154	0	.	0	0	21	56	17	50	9	116	5	77	35	29	0	.	8	60	36	42	-5	88	5	84	75	19	532	9
	maple	21	26	0	.	0	.	22	33	5	78	2	63	0	.	0	.	7	64	-4	160	5	51	5	86	0	.	0	.	15	107	2	54	3	205	1	97	5	183	0	.	1	100	12	45	2	96	0	100	28	31	132	20
	ash	14	41	0	.	0	.	11	58	1	637	8	154	0	.	0	.	1	157	-1	304	3	95	2	69	0	.	0	.	1	831	4	95	-4	141	2	213	11	63	0	.	0	100	24	57	0	1862	4	71	17	36	97	28
	oak	18	51	0	.	0	.	14	38	0	194	6	47	0	.	0	.	0	.	-3	107	3	108	0	221	0	.	0	.	4	67	3	92	2	111	0	.	13	65	0	.	0	1026	11	50	0	364	0	.	7	44	79	21
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	106	-3	102	0	.	0	.	-3	115
	other broadleaves	18	33	0	.	0	.	21	35	1	311	-4	427	0	.	0	.	6	67	0	16587	5	75	-1	112	0	.	0	100	2	115	1	54	6	120	2	101	9	121	0	.	1	163	3	370	1	154	0	0	20	32	92	30
	indeterminable	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0
	total	311	15	0	.	0	.	462	11	47	46	77	46	0	.	0	.	27	40	54	34	189	20	22	46	0	.	17	73	51	52	36	76	47	47	12	60	184	19	0	.	12	69	170	21	-5	164	11	71	279	12	2001	5
hyperinsubric and colline	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	75	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	-3	.	4	53	0	.	0	.	5	60	0	.	-2	100	5	97
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	.	1	100	0	.	0	.	0	181	0	.	0	.	2	77
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	-2	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	-2	138	0	.	0	100	-4	85
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	-1	260	0	.	0	.	-2	222
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	92	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	2	89
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	-3	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	.	15	39	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	15	48
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	6	69	0	.	0	.	0	73	0	.	0	.	7	62
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	100	0	.	0	70	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	17	69	0	.	0	100	1	54	0	.	0	.	19	60
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	11	77	0	.	2	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	-1	1295	0	.	3	81	3	82	0	.	1	73	18	68
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	52	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	4294	0	.	0	.	1	67	0	.	0	.	9	285
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	1049	0	.	-1	1078	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	55	36	0	.	0	98	5	52	0	.	0	100	59	36
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	.	0	0
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	12	63	0	.	6	116	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	99	36	0	.	3	73	12	57	0	.	-2	134	130	29
total	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	120	23	43	39	32	64	469	13	17	39	173	18	0	75	35	53	632	12	17	84	107	25	69	25	30	45	65	33	198	17	0	170234	40	35	72	30	76	26	88	35	68	35	237	17	196	21	38	39	147	23	2968	5
	fir	38	38	17	43	29	50	388	12	14	36	51	44	0	100	3	157	25	53	87	25	197	20	127	19	6	69	29	37	87	32	6	62	37	38	55	28	43	41	23	36	-3	240	201	16	36	32	14	42	47	29	1564	6
	pine	-2	179	0	.	0	100	4	205	8	53	3	93	-2	100	0	.	34	39	8	88	5	71	4	69	0	100	4	90	1	192	7	108	-2	150	2	73	4	87	-3	147	3	79	-3	104	-3	361	0	.	6	62	80	31
	larch	2	387	0	.	0	.	7	50	0	94	3	62	0	.	-1	100	145	19	0	100	1	58	0	100	0	.	0	100	3	63	1	86	0	100	1	100	4	86	85	23	0	0	20	42	102	22	1	100	6	39	379	11
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	35	31	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	11	51	0	.	0	.	49	26
	other conifers	10	52	0	.	1	71	18	42	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	124	2	90	9	64	0	100	0	.	1	84	7	70	4	100	4	69	0	100	0	86	2	92	0	100	9	61	0	93	0	.	4	53	77	21
	beech	84	26	11	58	4	149	316	12	30	54	64	29	0	.	5	203	31	33	42	28	77	27	32	31	8	93	-3	243	129	23	29	38	55	28	24	37	49	23	111	21	17	51	115	19	-4	187	8	60	110	17	1345	6
	maple	20	30	1	99	4	166	59	22	6	85	11	43	0	100	8	81	16	40	4	177	7	80	25	34	0	3860	2	204	51	36	3	53	22	44	10	37	10	90	17	39	4	63	41	27	19	33	1	139	48	23	390	10
	ash	14	39	0	.	-4	191	19	49	2	256	29	60	1	100	1	579	8	84	-15	80	5	115	3	39	4	141	5	90	14	131	4	86	1	509	2	228	10	75	18	66	7	52	32	46	-1	1330	6	57	23	31	187	22
	oak	19	48	0	.	0	.	17	35	0	194	8	41	11	77	0	.	4	62	-3	97	5	81	0	139	0	100	0	.	4	65	3	89	0	2451	0	100	13	64	0	18134	0	1026	17	37	5	59	0	100	11	33	113	19
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	50	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	2148	0	.	0	106	-2	155	0	.	0	.	7	371
	other broadleaves	22	30	0	100	2	109	24	62	4	86	6	274	0	1049	-4	104	29	77	1	315	11	43	-2	110	1	234	2	56	4	138	2	50	11	72	10	56	9	121	59	38	-4	115	11	112	18	53	1	75	22	30	239	20
	indeterminable	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	.	0	0	0	0
	total	326	14	71	31	67	53	1323	7	89	29	348	15	12	63	47	59	967	9	143	24	424	15	258	14	51	37	106	27	497	14	57	51	169	21	177	18	219	17	400	14	93	30	680	10	379	15	71	32	425	11	7398	3

Table citation

Abegg, M.; Ahles, P.; Allgaier Leuch, B.; Cioldi, F.; Didion, M.; Düggelin, C.; Fischer, C.; Herold, A.; Meile, R.; Rohner, B.; Rösler, E.; Speich, S.; Temperli, C.; Traub, B.,
2023: Swiss national forest inventory - Result table No. 1306434. Birmensdorf, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL

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